Users of all levels are welcome to ask questions about GNU/Linux and share experiences.
欢迎各种水平的用户提问关于GNU/Linux的问题并分享经验。
/fglt/ - 友好GNU/Linux讨论串
Users of all levels are welcome to ask questions about GNU/Linux and share experiences.
欢迎各种水平的用户提问关于GNU/Linux的问题并分享经验。
Before asking for help, please check our list of resources.
在寻求帮助之前，请查看我们的资源列表。
If you would like to try out GNU/Linux you can do one of the following:
如果你想尝试GNU/Linux，可以选择以下一种方式：
0) Install a GNU/Linux distribution of your choice in a Virtual Machine.
0) 在虚拟机里安装你选择的任意GNU/Linux发行版。
1) Install a GNU/Linux distribution of your choice on bare metal and run your previous OS in a Virtual Machine.
1) 在裸机上安装你选择的任意GNU/Linux发行版，并在虚拟机里运行你原来的系统。
2) Use a live image and to boot directly into the GNU/Linux distribution without installing anything.
2) 使用Live镜像直接启动进入GNU/Linux发行版，无需安装任何东西。
3) Go balls deep and replace everything with GNU/Linux.
3) 彻底一点，把系统全部替换成GNU/Linux。
Resources: Please spend at least a minute to check a web search engine with your question.
资源：请至少花一分钟用网页搜索引擎搜一下你的问题。
Many free software projects have active mailing lists.
很多自由软件项目都有活跃的邮件列表。
$ man %command%
$ man %命令%
$ info %command%
$ info %命令%
$ %command% -h/--help
$ %命令% -h/--help
$ help %builtin/keyword%
$ help %内置命令/关键字%
Don't know what to look for?
不知道搜什么？
$ apropos %something%
$ apropos %关键词%
Try a random distro:
试试随机发行版：
Check the Wikis (most troubleshoots work for all distros):
查看Wiki（大多数排错方法通用于所有发行版）：
/g/'s Wiki on GNU/Linux:
/g/ 的 GNU/Linux Wiki：
https://igwiki.lyci.de/wiki/Category:GNU/Linux
>What distro should I choose?
>我该选哪个发行版？
https://igwiki.lyci.de/wiki/Babbies_First_Linux
>What are some cool programs?
>有哪些很酷的程序？
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/list_of_applications
https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page
>What are some cool terminal commands?
>有哪些很酷的终端命令？
https://www.commandlinefu.com/commands/browse
>Where can I learn the command line?
>我在哪里可以学习命令行？
https://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashGuide
https://www.grymoire.com/Unix/
https://overthewire.org/wargames/bandit
https://tldp.org/LDP/Bash-Beginners-Guide/html/Bash-Beginners-Guide.html
>Where can I learn more about Free Software?
>我在哪里可以了解更多关于自由软件的知识？
https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/philosophy.html
>How to break out of the botnet?
>如何从僵尸网络中逃脱？
https://prism-break.org/en/categories/gnu-linux
GNU/Linux Games:
GNU/Linux 游戏：
>>>/vg/lgg
Previous thread: >>109364369
之前的帖子：>>109364369
>>109389413
bumping >>109387309
顶一下 >>109387309
I figured out how to get it in Fahrenheit but not how to average the computer's temp between gpu and cpu
我搞懂怎么显示华氏温度了，但不知道如何计算 CPU 和 GPU 温度的平均值
would i get better virutal machine performance on linux thanks to KVM?
在 Linux 下通过 KVM 能获得更好的虚拟机性能吗？
do hypervisors like virtual box and vmware take advantage of KVM?
Hyper-V 之类的虚拟化平台能利用 KVM 吗？
>>109389446
How the hell is that a useful metric?
这他妈算什么有用的指标？
>>109389541
I just want to know the average internal temp of my computer in a way that is easy to just glance at unless you have a better way of doing it?
我就想知道电脑内部的平均温度，最好一眼就能扫到。除非你有更好的办法？
>>109389446
Plug the data into a dashboard like Grafana you can make whatever you want, fancy the mode or median instead? You can do it.
把数据导入 Grafana 仪表盘，你可以随意定制。想要显示众数或中位数？也能做到。
Or use something like Netdata if you're lazy.
或者如果你懒得折腾，用 Netdata 之类的工具就行。
>>109389566
I don't know how to do any of that shit
老子完全搞不懂这些玩意儿
>>109389413
bob dobbs was spray painted in various locations around my university
我大学校园里的各种地方都被喷上了鲍勃·多布斯（Bob Dobbs，4chan 吉祥物）的涂鸦
i realized he was always at found at locations where it was safe to smoke pot
我意识到他总出现在适合抽烟的地方
>>109389564
They're two different attachment points. An average has no troubleshooting value. Unless it's a SoC. Then they usually give you a heat spreader reading like Tcase or whatever.
这是两个不同的传感器。取平均值对故障排查没意义。除非是 SoC（片上系统）。那种情况通常会提供像 Tcase 这样的散热盖温度读数什么的。
Do I need the desktop profile for a desktop Gentoo install? How many headaches does it prevent?
桌面版 Gentoo 安装需要 desktop profile 吗？这能避免多少麻烦？
>>109389720
You don't have to if you don't want to. I use a a regular non-multilib profile on my system.
不想用就没必要用。我的系统用的是普通的非 multilib profile。
Just prepare for needing to set your own USE flags and not being able to make use of binary packages as much (if you plan on doing that instead of compiling everything from scratch).
做好自己设置 USE 标志的准备，而且不能像（如果你打算这么做而不是全手动编译的话）那样充分利用二进制包。
>>109389413
thanks for using the normal op text again
谢了，又用了原版 OP 的文本
>>109389852
anyone can make the op, so it's often a race between the anti-systemd autist and the rest
任何人都能当 OP，所以通常是反 systemd 的神经病和其他人之间的抢楼大战
I use Fedora and I press the updoot button every time it appears and haven't had any problems
我用 Fedora，每次看到这个我都点踩/赞（updoot），从来没出过问题
>>109389413
For zsh, any idea on how to use globbing inside parameter expansion braces, treated as an array type? For example, comma joining a list of files would be something like ${(j:,:):-*}. Ideally, this is without setting a variable first. The docs explicitly state that filename generation happens after parameter expansion, but you can get around that with nested command substitution.
I made a good-enough solution by defining a function which prints each argument on a newline, where I then split on newlines in the parameter expansion, approximately equivalent to ${(f)$(for file in *; do echo $file; done)}, but I'd be interested in a more succinct way.
Is there a "webm for dummies" equilevant for linux?
有没有 Linux 版的“小白级 webm 教程”？
Something that let sme quickly edit and reformat mp4 and webm files
有什么工具能让我快速编辑和重新封装 mp4 和 webm 文件
igwiki.lyci.de is almost always down, I was only caught it up and running 2 times, find a better source
igwiki.lyci.de 几乎总是挂了，我只见过它运行了两次，找个更好的源吧
>>109391304
You can use mpv with the mpv-webm script
你可以用 mpv 配合 mpv-webm 脚本
Repostong: how hard is it to migrate a gentoo installation to systemd? I don't have any custom openrc scripts or anything
repost：把 gentoo 迁移到 systemd 难吗？我没有任何自定义的 openrc 脚本之类的东西
>inb4 why
>在开始之前先问为什么
Required for work (on my work laptop)
工作需要（在我的工作本上）
Holy fuck.
我的天。
I finally decided to switch to cachyOS loonix after decades of windows. I moved all of my files from windows and am organizing and configuring shit. LLMs have been a great help I wouldn't be able to do this otherwise.
我终于决定在用了几十年 Windows 后转向 cachyOS 了。我把文件都从 Windows 搬过来了，正在整理和配置东西。大模型（LLMs）帮了大忙，不然我根本搞不定。
There's problems with literally everything. I have a list of like 30 things I need to do to configure the system property.
到处都是问题。我列了个大概 30 项的任务清单来配置这个系统。
Many things don't even work properly due to limitations of something or the other.
因为各种限制，很多功能甚至无法正常工作。
Here's some random ones off the top of my head:
这里有一些我随口想到的：
-4chan reply box on firefox can't highlight a block of text, you have to click a bunch in the box to get it to start working
-Firefox 上的 4chan 回复框不能高亮整段文字，你必须在框里狂点几次才能让它开始工作
-discord and telegram notifications happen in the gross kde ui and not the nice ui/colors of the program
-discord和telegram的通知显示在难看的KDE UI上，而不是程序本身美观的UI和配色
-weird issue with youtube where I have to wait 10 seconds before each video starts playing
-油管有个奇怪的问题，每部视频开始播放前我得等10秒
-dolphin file browser there is no quick access location with recent files/folders
-dolphin文件管理器里没有最近访问的文件夹/文件的快速入口
-have to re-enable secure boot using some weird method
-得用某种奇葩方法重新启用安全启动
-steam games work in general but I wish I knew if I was getting higher FPS than windows, I heard it's can be better or worse
-steam游戏基本都能玩，但我想知道在Linux上帧数是不是比windows高，听说有时候好有时候差
-visual glitch with the steam pop up when games start, it's cut off, likely wayland issue
-steam启动游戏时的弹窗有视觉故障，被截断了，可能是wayland的问题
-can't change order of system tray icons in kde plasma
-不能在KDE Plasma里更改系统托盘图标的顺序
-KDE themes are pretty limited and can't be pretty and nice with dynamic colors/transparency or whatever
-KDE主题挺受限的，没法做得既漂亮又支持动态颜色/透明啥的
>>109391702
Are you seriously using google's "ai mode"? If so you should perhaps rethink your understanding.
你居然真的在用谷歌的“AI模式”？如果是的话，或许该重新审视一下你的认知了。
>>109391767
It gets things right most of the time. You just have to ask it things over and over sometimes. For anything more complicated I use grok.
它大部分时候都能答对。你有时就得反复问它才行。稍微复杂点的问题我就用grok。
About to try out Linux again, last time I used it outside of a server env was 10 years ago. Unfortunately I have an Nvidia GPU and this secure boot MOK fuckery seems so stupid. Doesn't storing the MOK locally defeat the entire point of the secure boot sysyem to begin with, as anyone gaining remote root access to your system can use the said key to bypass the secure boot layer anyways, right? Why don't more distros provide Nvidia drivers signed with their keys instead?
正准备再试试Linux，上次在非服务器环境下用它还是10年前。可惜我有Nvidia显卡，而且这个安全启动MOK的折腾太傻了。MOK不就是在本地存储吗？这难道不直接违背了安全启动系统的初衷吗？毕竟任何获得你系统远程root权限的人都可以用那个密钥绕过安全启动层，对吧？为什么更多发行版不直接提供用它们自己密钥签名的Nvidia驱动呢？
i tried to leave arch but i cant
我试过逃离Arch，但我逃不掉
its just too convenient, it has software on the repos that other distros dont, and the wiki is the best resource for figuring out how to do whatever you want to do
它实在太方便了，仓库里有其他发行版没有的软件，而且wiki是查找如何完成各种操作的最佳资源
>>109391831
Don't even try, because your understanding seems to be non-existent.
别试了，因为你的认知似乎完全不存在。
Stay on Windows please.
求求你留在Windows吧。
>>109391702
>have to re-enable secure boot using some weird method
>得用某种奇葩方法重新启用安全启动
Secure Boot on Arch is a pain in the ass
在Arch上搞安全启动简直是噩梦
>>109391855
Do tell what about my assumption is wrong.
说说看，我哪里的假设是错的。
I was fapping to JAV and in the film they were running GNOME on one of the computers. GloryQuestOS is probably not a real distribution though since Glory Quest is just the name of the porn studio. The programs pinned to their desktop however seem to be real webapps, though they're using a custom icon pack. Anyone know what icon pack and GNOME extensions they're using?
我当时正看着JAV自慰，电影里其中一台电脑上跑的是GNOME。不过GloryQuestOS估计不是个真正的发行版，因为Glory Quest只是个成人视频厂牌的名字。但他们桌面固定的程序看起来倒是真的Web应用，只是用了自定义图标包。谁知道他们用的是啥图标包和GNOME扩展吗？
>>109391831
>Why don't more distros provide Nvidia drivers signed with their keys instead?
>为什么更多发行版不直接提供用它们自己密钥签名的Nvidia驱动呢？
Because secure boot is a Windows-centric meme. If you need it stay on Universal Blue distros or Ubuntu.
因为安全启动是Windows中心的梗。如果你非得用它，就留在Universal Blue发行版或者Ubuntu上吧。
>>109391831
>Why don't more distros provide Nvidia drivers signed with their keys instead?
>为什么更多发行版不直接提供用它们自己密钥签名的Nvidia驱动呢？
Because it's not possible. You can blame both Microsoft and NVIDIA for this.
因为根本不可能。你可以怪微软，也可以怪NVIDIA。
The only reason Secure Boot works out of the box on distros like Fedora and Ubuntu is because they've gotten permission from Microsoft to use a bootloader signed by Microsoft that interfaces with the Microsoft certificates included in your motherboard. These "shim" bootloaders only work for their respective distro too.
像Fedora和Ubuntu这样的发行版能开箱即用安全启动，唯一的原因是他们获得了微软的许可，使用由微软签名的引导加载程序，该程序与主板中包含的微软证书对接。这些“shim”引导加载程序也仅适用于它们各自的发行版。
Microsoft however refuses to sign NVIDIA's Linux drivers. Moreover, even distros with a Microsoft-approved shim still can't pre-sign NVIDIA's drivers with their own keys simply because NVIDIA's drivers are closed source.
不过微软拒绝签署 NVIDIA 的 Linux 驱动。此外，即使那些拥有微软批准 shim 的发行版也无法用自己的密钥预先对 NVIDIA 驱动进行签名，这纯粹是因为 NVIDIA 的驱动是闭源的。
If you care about Secure Boot, you're going to have to do MOK shit.
如果你在乎 Secure Boot，你就得折腾 MOK 那一套。
Glad I never bought an Nvidia GPU their drivers suck on Windows and Linux
庆幸我没买 Nvidia 的显卡，他们的驱动在 Windows 和 Linux 上都烂得一塌糊涂。
>>109391831
Secure Boot is not to protect against viruses that gain root access to your system. Once that happens it's normal for everything to be open, because root access is assumed to be the same privilege as you, the admin, have. So if you have the ability to modify your drivers then so can malware that gains your access level.
Secure Boot 并不是为了防止那些获得系统 root 权限的病毒。一旦病毒拿到了 root 权限，系统处于完全开放状态是正常的，因为 root 权限就被视为你这个管理员所拥有的同等权限。所以，如果你有能力修改自己的驱动，那么获得同等权限的恶意软件也能做到。
Secure Boot is mainly there to protect against simple forms of evil maid attacks, where the (usually unencrypted) kernel or even bootloader on a powered-down system are replaced with a malicious version that you then boot into and hand over control of your system to an attacker. Secure Boot ensures the bootloader and kernel you are launching when you turn on your computer are the ones you actually installed, and not tampered versions.
Secure Boot 主要用来防范简单的“邪恶女仆”攻击，即在系统关机状态下，将（通常未加密的）内核甚至启动加载器替换为恶意版本，然后你启动系统并把控制权交给攻击者。Secure Boot 确保你开机时启动的启动加载器和内核确实是你安装的版本，而不是被篡改过的。
If you want to prevent malware from installing new kernels and drivers, it's possible if you also prevent your root account from doing it. Practically speaking this means keeping the key off of local storage, for example on an (encrypted) USB stick, or on another airgapped system you use to compile and sign driver and kernel updates. Then anything with root access to your main system, whether yourself of an attacker, can't actually compromise your kernel without access to the external key. (It's instructive to think about whether this would be particularly reassuring to know, if an attacker really did have root access to your system. Personally whether they can sign kernel updates would be among the least of my worries.)
如果你想防止恶意软件安装新的内核和驱动，这是可能的，前提是你也限制 root 账户进行这些操作。实际操作上，这意味着将密钥不存放在本地存储中，例如放在（加密的）U 盘上，或者放在另一台用于编译和签署驱动及内核更新的气隙隔离（airgapped）系统上。这样，无论是你自己还是攻击者，只要拥有主系统的 root 权限，在没有外部密钥的情况下都无法真正劫持你的内核。（值得思考的是，如果攻击者真的获得了你的 root 权限，知道这一点是否会让你安心？就我个人而言，他们能否签署内核更新简直是我 worry list 里最末尾的那条了。）
This is the strategy Microsoft uses for secureboot btw, by storing the update keys on THEIR servers. That means the one who actually owns the ability to update your OS is Microsoft, which is great against malware being able to modify it, but means you can't modify your own drivers either by default (until you add your own root key to the BIOS).
顺便说一句，这就是微软在 Secure Boot 上采用的策略：将更新密钥存储在他们的服务器上。这意味着真正拥有更新你操作系统能力的是微软，这对防止恶意软件修改系统很有用，但也意味着默认情况下你无法修改自己的驱动（直到你在 BIOS 中添加自己的根密钥）。
>>109391831
>Doesn't storing the MOK locally defeat the entire point of the secure boot sysyem to begin with
>难道在本地存储 MOK 不是从一开始就破坏了 Secure Boot 系统的全部意义吗？
You can store it on a removable flash drive or another computer. If you need to do it locally on an automated basis, yeah, but Secure Boot is 100% theater in most deployments anyway. Nor would I be confident organized crime hasn't figured out the 2 PC TPMs that everyone uses even if you're doing a proper measured boot software config.
你可以把它存在可移动闪存盘或另一台电脑上。如果你需要在本地以自动化的方式处理，那确实如此，但在大多数部署中 Secure Boot 本来就是 100% 的噱头罢了。而且，就算你做了规范的带度量的启动软件配置，我也不敢保证有组织犯罪还没搞定大家普遍使用的那些双 PC TPM。
what terminal client do the cool kids use nowadays? been using xfce's for the longest time but want to try a new one that can render images, but I also want to be able to use bitmap fonts so that rules out Kitty
现在的酷炫年轻人都在用什么终端客户端？我用 xfce 的终端太久了，想试试能渲染图像的新终端，但我也希望支持位图字体，这就排除了 Kitty。
>>109391702
I would like to add one more thing to my list of grievances.
我想在我的投诉清单上再增加一项。
Both in firefox and brave when using youtube with adblock, youtube delays the video starting by like 10 seconds.
在 Firefox 和 Brave 里用 Adblock 看 YouTube 时，YouTube 会延迟大概 10 秒才开始播放视频。
There's probably a way to fix this.
应该有种办法能修好这个。
>>109392524
I use alacritty because it just works, but I don't think it has image support. For images I think you need one of the hyper bloatware ones like ghostty or wezterm or something, I'm just throwing out names here as I haven't used any of them
我用 Alacritty 是因为它能用就行，但我觉得它不支持图片。如果要显示图片，我想得用那些臃肿的终端，比如 Ghostty 或 WezTerm 之类的，我只是随口提个名字，因为我都没用过。
>>109392524
ptyxis
>>109392631
>For images I think you need one of the hyper bloatware ones
>如果要显示图片，我想得用那些臃肿的终端
yeah i figured damn
是啊，我猜也是，真他妈烦
>>109392674
looks like it supports bitmap fonts but libadwaita looks out of place on xfce unfortunately
看来它支持点阵字体，但 libadwaita 在 XFCE 上看起来很不搭，真遗憾
apparently there's something called Überzug that will make any old terminal able to render images, but the software's 200x the size of xfce4-terminal lol
据说有个叫 Überzug 的东西能让任何旧终端渲染图片，但这软件的体积是 xfce4-terminal 的两百倍，哈哈
gonna give it a go
打算试一下
I've had a problem on Linux for a while and I've been told it's a locale related issue but I don't know how to fix it.
我在 Linux 上有个问题困扰很久了，有人告诉我这是区域设置相关的问题，但我不知道怎么修。
Basically if a filename has non-english letters, emojis or certain symbols then it won't work/display question marks instead. Mediainfo-gui will just display a blank screen (Mediainfo-qt works though) and Ark will refuse to extract the file and replace the characters with question marks, however if these programs are launched through the terminal then they work normally.
基本上，如果文件名包含非英文字母、emoji 或某些特殊符号，程序就无法工作/显示为问号。MediaInfo-gui 会直接显示黑屏（MediaInfo-qt 则正常），Ark 会拒绝解压并将字符替换为问号，但如果通过终端启动这些程序，它们就能正常工作。
Anyone have any idea what I can do to fix this? I'm on Fedora KDE and I've had this problem since the beginning.
有人知道我能怎么做来修复这个问题吗？我用的是 Fedora KDE，从一开始就有这个问题。
>>109391702
LISTEN
YOU FUCKED UP
BY CHOOSING A RETARDED DISTRO
INSTALL MINT LIKE A NORMAL PERSON
THAT IS THE BEST DISTRO FOR BEGINNERS
BECAUSE IT IS THE BEST DISTRO OUTRIGHT
THERE ARE OTHER REASONABLE STARTING CHOICES
BUT CACHY IS NOT ONE OF THEM
YOU DID THE WRONG THING YOU FUCKING IDIOT
LITERALLY ANY PERSON ON EARTH COULD INSTALL MINT WITH NO PROBLEMS
BUT YOU CHOSE A FUCKING STUPID DISTRO AND NOW YOU COMPLAIN ABOUT HAVING PROBLEMS
EVERY BEGINNER GUIDE USED TO SAY START WITH MINT
BUT SOME FUCKING NERDS CAME ALONG SAYING well well actually actually see wayland is superior well well actually KDE features more customizable well well a beginner shouldn't have immutable SHUT THE FUCK UP IDIOT NERDS
结果一堆该死的极客跑过来说：嗯哼，其实 Wayland 更优越；嗯哼，其实 KDE 的可定制化更高；嗯哼，新手不该用不可变发行版。闭嘴吧，该死的极客混蛋。
MINT IS THE BEST CHOICE FOR BEGINNERS
DOWNLOAD AND INSTALL MINT RIGHT NOW, STOP WHAT YOU ARE DOING I AM FUCKING SERIOUS
IT WILL WORK PERFECTLY WITHIN LITERALLY A FEW MINUTES
THEN YOU WON'T HAVE TO TOUCH IT
FUCKING DUMBASS
Did anyone try Budgie? Thinking of making another pointless hop.
有人试过 Budgie 吗？我在考虑再进行一次毫无意义的折腾。
>>109393150
Or just install fedora and do the tard proof setup for it instead of the distro that has the same update cadence as fucking debian you retard
或者直接装 Fedora，给它做个傻瓜式设置，而不是换那个更新频率跟他妈的 Debian 一样的发行版，你这蠢货。
>>109392572
>Both in firefox and brave when using youtube with adblock, youtube delays the video starting by like 10 seconds
>在 Firefox 和 Brave 里用 Adblock 看 YouTube 时，YouTube 会延迟大概 10 秒才开始播放视频
It's youtube flagging your IP/browser and throttling the videos. You might also get the "experiencing interruptions?" pop up that basically shits on you for having adblock on.
这是 YouTube 在标记你的 IP/浏览器并对视频进行限速。你可能还会收到“正在遇到中断？”的弹窗，基本上就是因为你用了广告拦截器而对你发难。
No real way to fix it AFAIK, it either goes away on its own or resetting your connection might work.
据我所知没有什么真正的修复方法，它要么自己消失，要么重置网络连接可能有用。
>>109393150
NTA but I have seen people have problems with Mint too. Some of his issues look like KDE + Wayland shittery
这不是你的错，但我见过有人用 Mint 也有问题。他的一些问题看起来像是 KDE + Wayland 搞出来的烂摊子 我的意思是，也许 Mint 更好，但当一个人对 Linux 一无所知时，
I mean maybe Mint is better but when someone doesn't know jack about linux, going
我是说，也许Mint更好，但当有人对Linux一无所知时
>install distro X it's perfect for noobs!
>安装发行版 X，它对新手完美无缺！
>doesn't work? you fucking retard install Y instead! THAT's perfect for noobs!
>不行？你他妈的蠢货，换安装 Y 吧！那才是对新手完美无缺！
>having issues? you moron since you're new to linux you must install Z, it's the only one that works out of the box!
>还有问题？你个白痴，因为你刚接触 Linux，必须安装 Z，它是唯一开箱即用的！
Is not very helpful either.
这也没什么帮助。
And I've seen Mint and Cachy and Bazzite and Pop and Fedora and more all recommended as "the definitely 100% fool-proof noob distro, install and go". (At least the Manjaro meme finally fucking died.)
我见过大家推荐 Mint、Cachy、Bazzite、Pop、Fedora 等等，都说这是“绝对 100% 傻瓜式新手发行版，装上就能用”。（至少 Manjaro 的梗终于他妈地死透了。）
I've never tried one of them myself, but based on what I've seen people complain about, I'm convinced there is no single "perfect out of the box linux distro". Some distros are more likely to work out of the box if your usecase, hardware, and installed software happen to be a perfectly working combination, but there's no distro that can actually guarantee it, and if you do end up having issues there's no substitute to actually diving in and figuring out what doesn't work and why and how to fix it.
我本人没试过这种发行版，但根据我看到的各种吐槽，我深信不存在什么“开箱即用的完美Linux发行版”。某些发行版如果你的用途、硬件和已装软件恰好完美契合的话，确实更容易开箱即用，但没有任何发行版能真正保证这一点。如果你真出了问题，唯一靠谱的办法就是亲自深入排查，搞清楚是什么地方不行、为什么不行以及怎么修。
>>109393150
not friendly...
根本不友好……
KDE removed another excuse for not using it: https://blogs.kde.org/2026/07/28/making-kio-copy-many-files-fast/
>>109389582
In the current age, you just push what you want to achieve up an AI model's arse and watch it spit out the solution.
在当下这个年代，你只需要把你想要达成的目标塞进AI模型的屁股里，然后看着它把解决方案喷出来就行了。
>>109393229
>No real way to fix it AFAIK
>据我所知没法修
that's bullshit, there has to be a way?
这绝对是扯淡，肯定有办法的咯？
>>109393515
Anon if youtube doesn't like you then all you can do is go lick the CEO saar's asshole and say thank you. Be glad they're not banning your IP entirely
匿名者，如果YouTube针对你，那你只能去舔CEO萨尔的屁股并说谢谢了。得庆幸他们没直接把你的IP彻底封禁
Maybe try using stock chrome with no adblocker, signed in, and see if it helps. If it does then you can try changing things one by one, like installing an adblocker and seeing if that's the problem.
也许试试用原汁原味的Chrome，别装广告拦截器，保持登录状态，看看有没有用。如果有用的话，你可以逐一修改设置，比如装个广告拦截器，看看是不是它引起的麻烦。
>>109392149
On Linux older Nvidia gpus aren't even supported well with nouveau. I have to disable hardware acceleration for very old gpus or the systems freeze up after a while or when doing some intensive task.
在Linux上，较老的Nvidia显卡在nouveau驱动下根本不被好好支持。对于非常老的显卡，我必须禁用硬件加速，否则过段时间或者做一些高负载任务时系统就会卡死。
>>109393515
I've had that shit on Windows as well ever since they started fucking with ad blockers more so not sure why it's happening on Linux only for you.
自从他们对广告拦截器动手脚以来，我在Windows上也遇到过这破事，真不知道为什么只有你在Linux上会中招。
>>109393543
It's some unholy combination of OS, browser, IP, adblocking status, account and recent activity that decides your fate. Since I am on Linux, not on Chrome, with adblocking and VPN I am at the lowest cuck tier where opening a video page frequently has me solve a captcha even though I am logged into my account.
是你的操作系统、浏览器、IP、广告拦截状态、账号以及近期活动这些乱七八糟的因素组合在一起，决定了你的命运。因为我用的是Linux，不是Chrome，还开了广告拦截和VPN，所以我处于最底层的“绿帽” tier，经常打开视频页面都要我解决验证码，尽管我已经登录了账号。
>>109391980
>>109391831
Secure boot only makes sense when you enroll your own keys and sign your EFI-loader (GRUB maybe?) with the key.
安全启动只有在你录入自己的密钥并用该密钥签名你的EFI引导程序（可能是GRUB？）时才有意义。
I have no idea how Nvidia drivers relate to secure boot but whatever.
我完全不知道Nvidia驱动和安全启动有啥关系，不过无所谓了。
>>109391917
How do distros generally "support" secure boot even? Providing the Microsoft-signed loader named Shim or do they have means to easily enroll your own keys?
发行版一般是怎么“支持”安全启动的？是提供那个微软签名的Shim引导程序，还是有简便的方法来录入你自己的密钥？
>>109391831
>Why don't more distros provide Nvidia drivers
>为什么更多发行版不提供Nvidia驱动
It's against the Nvidia's licence, it's why distros can't simply install it normally
这违反Nvidia的许可证，所以发行版不能直接正常安装它
>>109393543
>>109393659
There's like one mullvad server that youtube likes more than my home IP. After I watch 1-2 videos everything starts buffering, so I have to turn on my VPN and shits starts loading smoothly again.
也就有个Mullvad的服务器比我的家庭IP更受YouTube待见。我看了1-2个视频之后就开始缓冲，所以我得开个VPN，那些东西才能又流畅加载。
>>109393231
cachy is only "noob friendly" in the sense that it doesn't have the arch install process and comes with preloaded 1337 gamer apps. theres nothing stopping someone from mindlessly following youtube tutorials or ai chatbots to install malware from the AUR or fuck up their repositories. i think bazzite succeeds in this regard, it handholds you through the process before you even download the ISO and the immutability adds plenty of safeguards to prevent a noob from blowing up their system. i really wish people would stop suggesting cachy to new linux users, its really not a good starting point for people coming from windows
cachyos 的“新手友好”仅仅体现在它没有 arch 的安装过程，并且预装了一堆“1337 极客”游戏软件。但没人能阻止那些只会盲目照着 YouTube 教程或 AI 聊天机器人操作的新手，从 AUR 安装恶意软件或搞崩他们的软件源。我觉得 bazzite 在这方面做得更好，它在用户下载 ISO 之前就已经手把手引导你了，而且它的不可变性（immutability）提供了大量安全措施，防止新手把系统搞炸。我真希望人们别再给 Linux 新手推荐 cachyos 了，对于从 Windows 转过来的用户来说，这真的不是一个好的入门选择。
How do I partition in linux? I put /root on my nvme, then I want my games on my fast ssd, my goon material on another drive then random shit and games where storage speed does not matter on another ssd.
我在 Linux 里怎么分区啊？我把根目录 / 装在了 NVMe 硬盘上，然后我想把游戏放在我的高速 SSD 上，把我的“搞基素材”放在另一块硬盘上，再把一些杂七杂八的东西和游戏放在另一块对存储速度要求不高的 SSD 上。
should I /root and then 3 /home and then just put folders everywhere?
我是应该设一个 /root 和三个 /home 目录，然后到处乱放文件夹吗？
also howtf do I tell the package manager where to install something, I dont want it to fill my gaem ssd
还有，我怎么告诉包管理器把软件装到哪里？我不想让它把我的游戏 SSD 塞满。
coming from windows this is confusing, I am too used to microsoft shit
从 Windows 转过来的话这太让人困惑了，我已经习惯微软那一套了。
>>109394177
Partitioning means several separate filesystems on the save drive. What you're describing sounds like a single partition per drive, and just mounting different drives.
分区指的是在同一个硬盘上有多个独立的文件系统。你描述的情况听起来像是每个硬盘一个分区，然后把不同的硬盘挂载到不同位置。
The two standard places in Linux are /mnt and /media at the root - /mnt usually for persistent storage, and /media for removable storage. So you can e.g. create folders "/mnt/fast_ssd/", "/mnt/gooning/" and "/mnt/bulk_storage/" and then add fdisk rules mounting each of those drives (ideally by UUID) into those locations.
在 Linux 中，标准的位置是根目录下的 /mnt 和 /media。/mnt 通常用于持久化存储，而 /media 用于可移动存储。比如，你可以创建文件夹 /mnt/fast_ssd/、/mnt/gooning/ 和 /mnt/bulk_storage/，然后添加 fdisk 规则（最好通过 UUID）将这些硬盘挂载到这些位置。
However, it doesn't matter much, and personally I'm lazy and usually create directories in my home. So for example /home/anon/data for my big storage SSD and /home/anon/fastgames for my SSD. It's really up to you.
不过，这其实没那么重要。我个人比较懒，通常直接在用户主目录下创建目录。比如 /home/anon/data 放我的大容量存储 SSD，/home/anon/fastgames 放我的高速游戏 SSD。这真的看你自己喜好。
Also I assume by /root you meant the root, aka / . "/root" is the home folder of the root account. Pedantic but it's worth being precise when talking about directory paths.
另外，我猜你说的 /root 其实是指根目录 / 。“/root” 其实是 root 账户的主目录。虽然有点抠字眼，但在谈论目录路径时保持精确是值得的。
New dirs under /home should correspond to user accounts, so normally you shouldn't create them yourself (nothing will happen if you do but it's not meant to be used this way).
主目录 /home 下的新目录应该对应用户账户，所以通常你不应该自己创建它们（虽然你创建了也不会怎样，但这并不是预期的用法）。
>also howtf do I tell the package manager where to install something, I dont want it to fill my gaem ssd
>还有，我怎么告诉包管理器把软件装到哪里？我不想让它把我的游戏 SSD 塞满。
The manager will install under some predefined normal dirs, usually guided by the packages, and 99% of this will go somewhere under /bin, /usr, /etc and /var. Sometimes some packages might use /opt though this is normally rare.
包管理器会将软件安装到一些预定义的常规目录中，通常由包本身引导，99% 的安装内容会位于 /bin、/usr、/etc 和 /var 下面的某个位置。有时有些包可能会使用 /opt，但这通常很少见。
On linux, unlike windows, drives can be mounted anywhere, and there's only a single root of the filesystem. (Whereas on windows each drive is a separate root and they cannot overlap.) So your nvme is going to be / and by default that means everything goes on it, and you mount other drives at paths you want and then files you put there go onto those other drives. So just don't mount the entirety of /var or /usr into your fast ssd and the package manager won't install on it.
在 Linux 上，和 Windows 不同，驱动器可以挂载到任何地方，并且整个文件系统只有一个根目录。（而在 Windows 上，每个驱动器都是一个独立的根，它们之间不能重叠。）所以你的 NVMe 会作为根目录 (/)，默认情况下所有东西都会装在上面，然后你把你想要的路径挂载到其他驱动器上，放在那些路径下的文件就会存到对应的其他驱动器上。所以只要别把整个 /var 或 /usr 都挂载到那块高速 SSD 上，软件包管理器就不会把东西装在那儿了。
>>109389413
Where exactly does rofi look for things to run? I got a one-liner (that also is an alias in my .bashrc) in ~/bin and it doesn't find it. Lmk if you think this is better suited for /sqt/
rofi 具体去哪里查找要运行的东西？我在 ~/bin 下放了一个一行命令的脚本（也是 ~/.bashrc 里的一个别名），但它找不到。如果你们觉得这个问题更适合发到 /sqt/ 版块，告诉我一声。
>>109394875
You can make a .desktop file.
你可以创建一个 .desktop 文件。
>>109394939
I decided to symlink to the executable that I use. Rofi sees it, seemingly runs it but nothing happens
我决定对我使用的那个可执行文件做个软链接。Rofi 能看见它，表面上看也执行了，但什么反应都没有。
>>109393231
The inconvenient truth is that there's no noob-friendly distro that doesn't have a crippling issue (as a drop-in replacement for Windows):
那个不方便承认的真相是：没有任何一款对新手友好的发行版能在不出现严重缺陷的情况下（作为 Windows 的即插即用替代品）：
>Mint
Running on X11, people have issues with multimonitor setups, fractional scaling, high resolution and refresh rates. Also older software.
运行在 X11 上的，人们多显示器设置、分数倍缩放、高分辨率和高刷新率等方面有问题。还有旧版软件。
>Fedora
Codec autism.
编解码器那些事儿真让人抓狂。
>Ubuntu
Trying their hardest to become Windows 11 on Linux.
它们正拼了老命想变成 Linux 版的 Windows 11。
>Bazzite
Immutability adds needless complications.
不可变性（Immutability）增添了不必要的麻烦。
>CachyOS
Works great, until Arch does something Arch and the user has no idea how to fix.
表现很好，直到 Arch 做了一些 Arch 式操作，用户又完全不知道该怎么修复。
There's always something that demands the user of not being computer illiterate, which is impossible in the year of the Lord 2020+6.
总有些东西要求用户不能是个电脑文盲，这在主后 2020+6 年（也就是 2026 年）简直是天方夜谭。
>>109395810
In fact one can even go further and say
事实上，甚至可以更进一步说：
>Any X11 distro
>任何 X11 发行版
Runs on X11, has issues with multimonitor with different DPI, fractional scaling, different refresh rates etc.
运行在 X11 上，在多显示器不同 DPI、分数倍缩放、不同刷新率等方面有问题。
>Any Wayland distro
>任何 Wayland 发行版
Runs on wayland, has issues with random shit not working, random software not coordinating or not being compatible or implementing different protocols etc.
运行在 Wayland 上，各种随机玩意儿不工作，随机软件不协调、不兼容或实现不同的协议等问题一堆。
And this covers the entirety of all distros.
这涵盖了所有发行版。
>>109395810
>Trying their hardest to become Windows 11 on Linux.
>它们正拼了老命想变成 Linux 版的 Windows 11。
It's not an issue to normies.
这对普通用户来说不是问题。
>Immutability adds needless complications.
>不可变性增添了不必要的麻烦。
It's not an issue to normies. If anything, it's a vast improvement over being non-immutable.
这对普通用户来说不是问题。事实上，相比不可变，这算是一大改进。
>>109394301
>unlike windows, drives can be mounted anywhere
>不像 Windows，驱动器可以挂载到任何地方
Actually Windows can do that
实际上 Windows 也能做到这一点。
>>109395810
doesn’t make a whole lot of sense. so it’s Ubuntu then? lots of typing to say the one most like windows tries the most to be like windows
这话没什么逻辑。所以是 Ubuntu 咯？敲了一堆字，就为了说“最像 Windows 的那个发行版正努力变得像 Windows”？
>>109396001
I wouldn't say Ubuntu wants to be like Windows considering their whole UX paradigm is very macOS-inspired. It's more like Canonical wants to be "Microsoft of the Linux world" by pushing weird and shit standards (which every other distro ignores) and pretending to be "the default Linux OS".
我不会说 Ubuntu 想变得像 Windows，毕竟它们整个 UX 范式非常受 macOS 启发。更像是 Canonical 想成为“Linux 界的微软”，通过推动各种奇怪且糟糕的标准（其他所有发行版都无视这些标准）并假装自己是“默认的 Linux 操作系统”。
The difference is, Canonical is almost entirely irrelevant in the Linux desktop space. Especially as of 8 years ago since they almost abandoned the Linux desktop and started to only focus on servers, developers, sysadmins and Ubuntu-Windows integration for devs/sysadmins. You can see that the popularity of Ubuntu started to rapidly decline compared to other distros about half a decade ago. So it's clearly not "noob-friendly" in comparison to distros like Mint and Bazzite.
区别在于，Canonical 在 Linux 桌面领域几乎毫无存在感。特别是从 8 年前开始，他们基本放弃了 Linux 桌面，转而只专注于服务器、开发者、系统管理员以及 Ubuntu-Windows 集成（针对开发者和 sysadmin）。大概五年前开始，你就能明显看出 Ubuntu 的流行度相较于其他发行版迅速下滑了。所以，跟 Mint 和 Bazzite 这些发行版比起来，Ubuntu 显然算不上“对新手友好”。
>>109393150
Make this the OP for the next thread
把这句做成下一个主题的 OP（首楼）吧
>>109393098
the file manager not displaying the names correctly is a font issue
文件管理器无法正常显示文件名是个字体问题
i dont know how fedora does locales or if it has fonts installed for displaying those characters
我不知道 Fedora 是怎么处理语言环境（locales）的，或者它是否安装了用于显示那些字符的字体
Loonix newfag here,
这里是 Linux 新人（loonix newfag），
I just spent literally 5 hours trying to get Telegram to display message notifications properly and not randomly in the middle of my screen.
我他妈足足花了 5 个小时，就为了搞定 Telegram 的消息通知显示问题，别让它随机出现在屏幕中间。
With wayland it does this bullshit, so I tried running it with xwayland and it worked, but I couldn't pin it to my taskbar because next time you opened it would make another icon of itself and the old one would be an empty file.
用了 Wayland 就全是这种破事，所以我试着用 Xwayland 运行，结果倒是正常了，但我没法把它钉在任务栏上，因为下次打开时它会再生成一个图标，而原来的那个就变成空文件了。
I argued with an LLM and went in circles a million fucking times. Trying shit and then reverting it.
我跟一个 LLM 吵了半天，在同一个死循环里转了一百万次。试这试那，然后再回滚。
Turns out the only solution was to install the flatpak instead of the native pakman version.
结果发现唯一解决方案是安装 Flatpak 版本，而不是原生的 pakman 版本。
>>109396235
>the file manager not displaying
>文件管理器无法正常显示
No, Dolphin displays it fine. It's only Ark that doesn't display them if not launched through the console
不，Dolphin 显示得很好。只有 Ark 在不从控制台启动时才会显示不了
>if it has fonts installed for displaying those characters
>是否安装了用于显示那些字符的字体
It works fine though if the program is launched through the console so it's obviously there.
不过如果通过控制台启动程序的话，它就能正常显示，所以字体肯定是有的。
>>109389413
Should i install void or debian?
我该装 Void 还是 Debian？
>>109396254
wayland isn't ready
Wayland 还没准备好
what DE and/or tiler behaves most like windows with fancyzones?
哪个桌面环境（DE）和/或平铺管理器（tiler）的行为最像 Windows 的 FancyZones？
>>109396611
Wayland is such a precious little project, so fragile.
Wayland 真是个娇贵的小项目，太脆弱了。
>>109396254
Now I have to spend 5 hours seeing how to turn off the download complete notification in kde plasma since there is no easy way to do that either lmao
现在我又得花 5 个小时研究怎么在 KDE Plasma 里关掉“下载完成”通知，因为好像也没什么简单的方法能做这件事，哈哈
>>109393150
i had as many issues as cachyanon with mint.
我遇到的问题和 cachyanon 用 Mint 时遇到的差不多。
>>109396606
debian
>>109393150
>INSTALL MINT LIKE A NORMAL PERSON
>THAT IS THE BEST DISTRO FOR BEGINNERS
2013 called. They want their advice back.
2013 年来了。他们想要回他们的建议。
>>109396772
There is no beginner distro. You either learn or you don't but being pampered doesn't get you anywhere in this life. It's an operating system for fuck sake.
根本没有什么“入门级”发行版。要么你学，要么你不学，但被当巨婴养着在这世上可混不出头。这可是个操作系统啊，操。
If you are computer illiterate, buy a Mac.
如果你完全不懂电脑，去买台 Mac 吧。
>>109393687
>How do distros generally "support" secure boot even? Providing the Microsoft-signed loader named Shim or do they have means to easily enroll your own keys?
>发行版到底是怎么“支持”安全启动（secure boot）的？是提供那个名为 Shim 的、由微软签名的加载器，还是有什么办法能轻松地录入你自己的密钥？
They need a bootloader signed by Microsoft designed to only work with a GRUB and kernel signed by the distribution developer.
它们需要一个由微软签名的引导加载器，而且这个加载器被设计为只能与由发行版开发者签名的 GRUB 和内核配合工作。
>>109396788
>There is no beginner distro
>没有入门级发行版
Every distro short of Arch or Gentoo is a beginner distro in 2026 lol, there isn't even such a thing as a "beginner distro" anymore because it's an irrelevant descriptor. Modern Linux is easier than Windows and has zero learning curve.
除了 Arch 或 Gentoo 之外，所有发行版在 2026 年都是入门级发行版，哈哈。现在甚至连“入门级发行版”这说法都不存在了，因为这个词已经没意义了。现代 Linux 比 Windows 还简单，零学习曲线。
>>109396808
>Modern Linux is easier than Windows and has zero learning curve.
>现代 Linux 比 Windows 还简单，零学习曲线。
Imagine actually saying this in a thread where people are still struggling with X11 and Wayland lmfao
想象一下在一个大家还在为X11和Wayland头疼的帖子里说出这番话，哈哈
>>109389720
>How many headaches does it prevent?
>这能避免多少头疼？
a lot lol, use the kde desktop one if using kde
很多啦，如果是KDE桌面就建议用KDE自带的那个
>>109389744
>using pure 64 bit gentoo
>只用64位的Gentoo
I kneel
我跪了
>>109391449
https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Systemd
probably gonna have to change the profile to a systemd one, change use flags to USE="systemd", recompile stuff, resolving dependency problems, use emerge --depclean to remove openrc and its components, and switch the init system that the bootloader is configured to boot... it's a lot, try the #gentoo IRC channel or the gentoo forums... or using an alternative that doesn't need systemd
恐怕得改profile到systemd那个，把USE标志改成USE="systemd"，重新编译一堆东西，解决依赖冲突，用emerge --depclean把openrc及其组件卸载掉，再改引导器配置让它引导新的init系统……这工程量可大了，去#gentoo IRC频道或者Gentoo论坛问问吧……或者用个不需要systemd的替代品
>>109396198
kek
>>109396611
which is faster? X11 or Wayland?
哪个更快？X11还是Wayland？
>>109396254
Okay I just found ANOTHER problem.
好吧，我又发现另一个问题。
Can't pause youtube videos with my keyboard like on windows.
键盘没法像Windows那样暂停YouTube视频了。
It pauses for a second, then unpauses
会暂停一秒，然后马上又自动播放
like wtf
真是搞什么鬼
works only if the window is focused
只有窗口获得焦点时才管用
>>109396877
Bah fuck I might consider reinstalling then
靠，我可能得考虑重装了
>or using an alternative that doesn't need systemd
>或者用个不需要systemd的替代品
New mandate they want some corpo securityslop that requires systemd
新的强制要求了，他们想要那种公司级的安全垃圾，这玩意儿非得systemd才行
It is what it is, at least I get to set up my own computer still rather than being handed stock ubuntu+gnome or macos or some shit (I've worked in a place in the past where those were the only two choices)
随它吧，至少我还能自己装电脑，而不是被迫只能拿标配的ubuntu+gnome或者macOS什么的（我以前在一家公司那地方，就只有那俩选择）
>>109396911
I'm on X11 and it works for me, I can't really help you but if you google it you might find that it's an easy fix
我用X11就没这毛病，我帮不了你太多，但要是Google一下应该能找到简单的解决办法
>>109396927
>Bah fuck I might consider reinstalling then
>靠，我可能得考虑重装了
you can change your profile with eselect. should be fine if you went with minimal the first time. might need to do some extra stuff if you go backwards.
你可以用eselect改profile。如果你一开始装的是最小化版本应该没问题。如果是逆向改回去可能得多搞点额外操作。
>>109396872
>still struggling with X11
>还在为X11头疼
Believable
>and Wayland
>和Wayland
Huh? Who is struggling with Wayland in 2026?
啥？2026年谁还在为Wayland头疼啊？
>>109391702
>-4chan reply box on firefox can't highlight a block of text, you have to click a bunch in the box to get it to start working
>-4chan回复框在Firefox里没法选中一块文字，得在框里猛点几下才能让它开始响应
IME issue
根据我的经验，这是Wayland的问题
>-discord and telegram notifications happen in the gross kde ui and not the nice ui/colors of the program
>-discord和telegram的通知弹窗用着那丑哭的KDE UI，而不是这程序自带的好看UI/配色
Skill issue
技术问题（菜得抠脚）
>-weird issue with youtube where I have to wait 10 seconds before each video starts playing
>-YouTube有个怪毛病，每个视频播放前都得等10秒
Use mpv
用mpv啊
>-dolphin file browser there is no quick access location with recent files/folders
>-dolphin文件管理器里没有最近文件/文件夹的快速访问入口
Why aren't you just using bash?
你为啥不直接用bash呢？
>-have to re-enable secure boot using some weird method
>-得用某种奇怪的方法重新启用安全启动
Bootlicking issue
典型的舔屏问题
>-steam games work in general but I wish I knew if I was getting higher FPS than windows, I heard it's can be better or worse
>-steam游戏基本都能玩，但我想知道是不是比Windows帧数更高，听说有时好有时差
non-free software issue
专有软件的问题
>-visual glitch with the steam pop up when games start, it's cut off, likely wayland issue
>-steam游戏启动时的弹出窗口有视觉 glitch，被截断了，可能是Wayland的问题
Wayland issue
Wayland的问题
>-can't change order of system tray icons in kde plasma
>-在KDE Plasma里没法更改系统托盘图标的顺序
Install gentoo
装Gentoo啊
>-KDE themes are pretty limited and can't be pretty and nice with dynamic colors/transparency or whatever
>-KDE主题选择挺有限的，没法做到又漂亮又好看的那种动态颜色/透明度之类的效果
Install gentoo
装Gentoo啊
>>109396904
X because it does damage based rendering instead of blitting an entire surface and waiting for vsync *every* frame.
选X11是因为它基于破坏性渲染，而不是像Wayland那样每帧都要blit整个表面然后等垂直同步
>>109397020
Me
Every single issue people complain about X11 has worked fine for me. Even multiple monitors with different refresh rates.
X11 被我吐槽过的那些问题，我反正没遇到过。哪怕是多显示器不同刷新率也没毛病。
Meanwhile I've tried wayland and it was just buggy shit on top of workaround on top of forcing shit to run in xwayland on top of basic functionality being missing or non-standardised on top of...
相比之下我试了 Wayland，结果就是一堆 bug 屎，上面还套着各种 workaround workaround，再上面还得强迫用 xwayland 运行一些东西，再加上基本功能缺失或者不标准化，然后……
>>109397072
>Even multiple monitors with different refresh rates
>哪怕是多显示器不同刷新率也没毛病
It is literally mathematically impossible to get perfect framepacing on multiple monitors with X11 if their refresh rates are not divisible by each other
如果刷新率不能互相整除，想通过 X11 获得完美的帧调度在数学上就是不可能的事。
>Meanwhile I've tried wayland and it was just buggy shit
>结果就是一堆 bug 屎
Let me guess, you're using Wayland on Xfce?
让我猜猜，你在 Xfce 上用 Wayland？
>>109397082
My framerates were divisible, so fair enough. People just always say "different framerates on different monitors are IMPOSSIBLE" or even outright "multi-monitor on X is almost impossible!" when it's just false. If the issue is just poor framepacing when the framerates aren't divisible that's a lot more plausible (and yeah I happened to not hit it in my usecases then).
我的帧率刚好能整除，那还算合理。但人们总说“不同显示器不同帧率是不可能的”甚至直接说“X 上的多屏几乎不可能”，这纯属胡扯。如果问题只是帧率不能整除时帧调度很差，那还说得通（而且确实我当时的使用场景没碰到这个问题）。
The only thing X11 doesn't have which I might ever want is HDR, but I'll worry about it when I decide to upgrade my monitor in 5+ years and maybe get an OLED
X11 唯一我可能想要的缺失功能是 HDR，不过等 5 年后我换显示器时再操心吧，也许到时候能买个 OLED。
>Let me guess, you're using Wayland on Xfce?
>让我猜猜，你在 Xfce 上用 Wayland？
Nope
>>109391702
STOP USING ARCH BASED DISTROS AS A BEGINNER YOU NUTCASE
USE UBUNUTU OR LINUX MINT DEBIAN EDITION
See: >>109393150
>inb4 muh valve
>先预判你会提 Valve
I don't care I don't have the memory of a goldfish watch if you stay on it you'll fuck up and not read the PKGBUILD AGAIN and end up getting AUR malware AGAIN
我不在乎，我没金鱼般的记忆力。如果你老盯着这个不放，你他妈又会搞砸，不读 PKGBUILD，然后再次中招 AUR 恶意软件。
>>109396364
i dont know bro
我不懂啊兄弟。
probably some kde plasma buggy shit
估计又是 KDE Plasma 的什么 bug 屎。
try opening the file on a gtk app or something
试试在 GTK 应用里打开那个文件之类的。
I fucking hate KDE, why are the effects so boring and trash
我真他妈讨厌 KDE，为什么它的特效这么无聊又烂？
30 years working on this shit and they havent figured it out
他们折腾了 30 年，居然还没搞定这破事。
There's no other alternative if you want your OS to look and feel similar to windows with nice looking aestetics
如果你想要 OS 的外观和感觉像 Windows，而且还要好看的美学效果，那没有其他选择。
>>109397152
You do not have to use the AUR lol
你不用非得用 AUR 啊，哈哈。
>>109397072
Broken drivers / broken compositor. Wayland is just a protocol.
驱动坏了/合成器坏了。Wayland 只是个协议。
Literally EVERY display environment looks like absolute fucking GARBAGE and linux developers should fucking kill themselves for being such an embarrassment to humanity
说真的，每一个显示环境看起来都他妈是一坨屎，Linux 开发者真该去死，给人类丢人现眼。
>>109396911
linux went from "better than windows but you can't use X program on it" to "it sucks worse than windows but at least they aren't spying on you" in about 5 years. sad
大约 5 年内，Linux 从“比 Windows 好但你跑不了 X 程序”变成了“比 Windows 还烂但至少他们不监控你”。悲哀。
>>109397611
it just has to work. it's up to you to make it pretty
它得能跑就行，漂不漂亮你自己搞定。
>>109397681
>it's up to you to make it pretty
>漂不漂亮你自己搞定
it's impossible. It's limited by 90s technology. All you can do is change the colors of windows and taskbars and maybe their size if you are lucky
这不可能。受限于 90 年代的技术，你只能改改窗口和任务栏的颜色，运气好的话还能改改大小。
nobody even gives a shit, there isn't even a community of people making themes or anything
根本没人 care，甚至连个做主题什么的社区都没有。
Modern KDE/GNOME looks like 2002 KDE/GNOME
现代的 KDE/GNOME 看起来跟 2002 年的 KDE/GNOME 一样。
>>109397698
KDE runs like shit anyway, but what are you even interested in? you don't need much more than a colored rectangle.
KDE 本来就跑得跟屎一样，但你到底对什么感兴趣？你根本不需要比一个有颜色的矩形更多的东西。
>>109397704
>but what are you even interested in?
>但你到底对什么感兴趣？
I want it to look like Windows, but more like Windows 7. I don't mean exactly, but that general feeling and style.
我想让它看起来像 Windows，更像 Win7 那种感觉。不是说要一模一样，而是那种整体的风格和氛围。
How the fuck is KDE plasma the top DE right now and the built in store has like 20 global themes to choose from and they almost all look exactly the same?
KDE Plasma 到底怎么回事，明明是目前最强的桌面环境，内置商店里却只有20来个全局主题可选，而且几乎长得都一模一样？
Like you can't have a cool effect where the windows have dynamic textures or animations going through them. Or where you can see a subtle bit of the background through the window. It can't even do transparency properly.
比如你根本做不到那种酷炫的效果：窗口有动态纹理，或者上面有动画流过。你也看不到那种窗口略带透明、能透出背景的效果。它甚至都搞不好真正的透明度。
fugggg
>>109397739
>every linux looks like shit
>每个Linux看起来都丑爆
>i want it to look like windows 7
>我想要它看起来像Windows 7
>>109397750
at least windows 7 had cool colorful effects and 3d transparency shit and wasnt just black or white with a hint of blue
至少Windows 7有酷炫的彩色特效和3D透明效果，而不是那种黑白的再加一点点蓝色
>>109397785
true
>>109397750
Yeah. Windows 7 was the last visually pleasing operating system. Hell, it was the last operating system to look better than what came before. That's why AeroThemePlasma is such a godsend.
是啊。Windows 7是最后一个视觉上让人愉悦的操作系统。说真的，它是最后一个看起来比前代更漂亮的操作系统。这就是为什么AeroThemePlasma如此救命的理由。
Is there a way to have Spectacle save images to subfolders per-month like ShareX?
有没有办法让Spectacle像ShareX那样，把截图按月保存到子文件夹里？
>>109397739
>>109397739
>he needs more than awesome
>他居然还不满足于awesome
>>109389413
>GNU/Linux
its actually called linux sweaty
这其实应该叫“Linux汗流浃背版”
>>109394177
>/root
I assume you mean "root", not "/root".
我猜你说的是“root”目录，不是路径“/root”。
What are your drive sizes?
你们的硬盘大小都是多少？
>/home
Don't necessarily do /home as your $HOME can reside on an arbitrary location.
>also howtf do I tell the package manager where to install something, I dont want it to fill my gaem ssd
>还有，我怎么告诉包管理器把软件装到哪里？我不想让它把我的游戏 SSD 塞满。
I assume your games are Steam games. Steam games aren't package manager stuff, it's user stuff, $HOME stuff.
>>109395810
>Codec autism
>编码格式自闭症
Is it really a problem with Fedora? All I had to do was type a command, and I forgot that codecs ever existed.
这真的是Fedora的问题吗？我只打了一个命令，然后就忘了编码格式这回事了。
>>109395810
I'm not a noob (with computer) but I had a lot of issues with mint.
我不是电脑小白，但我在Mint上遇到了很多问题。
>>109397739
KDE is basically a blank slate. It can look like almost anything, but you usually have to put in the work yourself instead of expecting it to come prepackaged. The built-in theme list is only a small part of what's available.
KDE基本上是一张白纸。它可以看起来像几乎任何东西，但你通常需要自己动手去设置，而不是指望它预装好。内置的主题列表只是可用资源的一小部分。
If you want to go beyond simple color changes, the only real options are Kvantum or Klassy. That's where you can get a lot more control over how applications and window decorations actually look.
如果你想超越简单的颜色更换，真正能用的选择只有Kvantum或Klassy。只有在这些地方，你才能对应用程序和窗口装饰的实际外观拥有更多控制权。
Most of the interesting stuff isn't sitting in Discover. People share themes, configs and forks on GitHub and the KDE Store, so if you want something that doesn't look like the default Breeze variants, that's where you have to start looking.
大多数有趣的东西并不在Discover里。人们在GitHub和KDE Store上分享主题、配置和衍生版本，所以如果你想要看起来不像默认Breeze风格的东西，你得从这些地方开始找。
>store.kde.org/p/2158622
This is just one example. KDE Store is filled with global themes, icon packs, etc.
这只是一个例子。KDE Store里到处都是全局主题、图标包等等。
>>109389413
Kwin is fucking up my eGPU config; it keeps using the iGPU. It's doing:
KWin把我的eGPU配置搞崩了；它一直在用核显。它现在的逻辑是：
Game (CPU) ───> Engine (eGPU) ───> KWin (iGPU) ───> HDMI (eGPU) ───> Monitor, when I want it to do: Game (CPU) ───> Engine & KWin (eGPU) ───> Monitor. If I try to boot with the eGPU connected after logging in to SDDM, it Krashes. If I try to hotplug it after it boots into Plasma, there's a chance it Krashes, or it's just slow as fuck on the external monitor. KWin is so fucking shit it's unreal. All-ways-egpu, changing kernel cmdline parameters, and environmental variables do fuck all when KWin is this fucking retarded. Also, pic related happens sometimes when I try to boot with the eGPU connected. Can ANYONE help me with this SHITware?
游戏(CPU) ───> 引擎(eGPU) ───> KWin(核显) ───> HDMI(eGPU) ───> 显示器，而我希望它是这样的：游戏(CPU) ───> 引擎 & KWin(eGPU) ───> 显示器。如果我尝试在SDDM登录后再接入eGPU启动，它会崩溃。如果我尝试在 Plasma 启动后热插拔，它可能会崩溃，或者在外部显示器上慢得像屎一样。KWin 真的烂到令人发指。All-ways-egpu、更改内核命令行参数和环境变量在 KWin 这么智障的情况下完全没用。另外，当我尝试在接入 eGPU 的情况下启动时，有时会出现图里那种情况。有人能帮帮我这个垃圾软件吗？
What's the friendliest desktop environment or window tiling manager for OLED monitors?
对OLED显示器最友好的桌面环境或平铺窗口管理器是哪个？
>>109398917
prolly dwm/cwm or anything else that draws nothing itself
大概是 dwm/cwm 或者其他什么都不自己渲染的玩意儿
>>109393543
>Be glad they're not banning your IP entirely
>庆幸他们没有完全封禁你的IP
Just the other day I got the
就前几天我
>Sign in to confirm you’re not a bot
>登录以确认你不是机器人
thing, I thought it was over but it works fine now
那事儿，我以为早就结束了，但现在又能正常用了
>>109398470
It's annoying if you happen to make a new install in a gap period, but it's a pretty rare issue. It's not exactly a Windows replacement for dumbasses either though.
如果你刚好在空窗期搞全新安装，确实挺烦人的，但这问题挺少见的。不过说这系统是专门给脑残准备的替代品也不过分。
>>109392524
for me it's xterm
我的是 xterm
>render images
>渲染图片
it supports sixel
它支持 sixel
>>109399165
>>109399165
>>109399188
This is a good example of bit rot
这典型的就是比特腐烂（bit rot）
>>109399193
nah I just fucked it up in gimp
没，我只是在 GIMP 里操作失误搞砸了
>>109399200
Bit rot, gimp, same thing
比特腐烂，GIMP，一回事儿
>>109397739
>It can't even do transparency properly.
>它连透明通道都做不好。
It can, considering of the top 100 most popular 3rd party themes 50 of them have transparency.
它能做，考虑到前 100 名最受欢迎的第三方主题里有 50 个都带透明效果。
>>109398470
>All I had to do was type a command
>我只要输入个命令就行
that's something you should never need to do in the first place
这种操作本来就不该需要
After 6 hours, I finally got one VST working
搞了 6 个小时，我终于搞定了一个 VST
>>109399226
type a command? on a computer of all things?
输入命令？对着一台电脑？
Anyone got any tips on how I can control my CPU fan speed on linux? I've tried lm-sensors which doesn't seem to detect anything. On windows there's FanControl which works well. Setting a fan curve in bios is broken for some reason so the cpu fans are spinning at 100% all the time without FanControl
有人有在 Linux 上控制 CPU 风扇转速的技巧吗？我试了 lm-sensors，它好像没检测到任何设备。Windows 上有 FanControl 很好用。不知道为什么在 BIOS 里设置风扇曲线没用，没有 FanControl 的话 CPU 风扇就一直满速转
>>109399140
is it a good time to install fedora?
现在装 Fedora 合适吗？
>>109399614
It seems to rely on lm-sensors but I'll give it a try when I get home
它似乎依赖 lm-sensors，我回家试试看
>>109399561
Are you sure this isn't a physical connector issue? I would double check the fan itself.
你确定这不是物理接口的问题吗？我会再仔细检查风扇本身。
>>109400204
If it was why would it work on windows but not linux? That part doesn't make much sense to me, desu
如果是接口问题，那为什么在 Windows 上能用而在 Linux 上不行？这对我而言解释不通，desu
>>109400713
https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=295523
I did come across this just now with a potential fix (same motherboard), gonna give it a go later
我刚才正好搜到一个（主板一样）的潜在修复方案，晚点去试试
>>109398470
when i was testing out each distro with my usecase routine, i too had codec problems on Fedora and also it doesnt support virtual files for my Owncloud setup for whatever reason
当我用日常用例流程测试各发行版时，Fedora 也有编解码问题，而且不知道为什么它不支持我 Owncloud 设置里的虚拟文件
"but you can use X instead" nope. no thanks, next distro.
“但你可以用 X 代替” 不了。不用了，下一个发行版。
>>109398771
You keep posting this and I have no idea what you're expecting anyone to do without providing more information.
你老发这个，但我完全搞不懂你不提供更多细节的话想让人怎么做。
Get your system into a working state, open a shell, type `claude`, describe your problem and ask it to find issues in the logs.
把系统搞到能用的状态，打开终端，输入 `claude`，描述你的问题，让它帮你找日志里的错误。
>>109398771
Ask chatGPT
去问 ChatGPT
>>109401366
This. Nobody uses eGPUs here.
确实。这没人用外接显卡坞的。
>>109400713
>On windows there's FanControl which works well
>Windows 上有 FanControl 很好用
>Setting a fan curve in bios is broken for some reason so the cpu fans are spinning at 100% all the time without FanControl
>不知道为什么在 BIOS 里设置风扇曲线没用，没有 FanControl 的话 CPU 风扇就一直满速转
If you read this carefully, he is implying that his fan is always at 100% REGARDLESS of the operating system used.
如果你仔细读，他在暗示不管用哪个操作系统，他的风扇都一直是 100%。
You are the one who is fucking braindead.
你才是那个脑子坏掉的蠢货。
>>109401414
>>109400713
To add: IF there is a connector issue or if this retard has somehow been able to connect the fan's power in wrong way, his bios does not recognize the fan.
补充：如果有接口问题，或者这白痴不知道怎么把风扇电源线接反了，他的 BIOS 就识别不到风扇。
He is still able to control the speed by forcing it via external tools. This is not rocket science. I'm sure the fault is not this but who knows.
他仍然可以通过外部工具强制控制速度。这不算什么高深技术。我确定问题不出在这，但谁知道呢。
I get it, you are a retard who should buy a game console.
我明白了，你是个蠢货，还是买游戏机去吧。
>>109399561
lm-sensors doesn't set fan speeds, it only observes them (and voltages and stuff). And you need to run sensors-detect first, lots of sensor stuff is so low-level you can't arbitrarily list them without having a precompiled list of hardware addresses.
lm-sensors 不会设置风扇转速，它只能监测（以及电压之类的数据）。而且你需要先运行 sensors-detect，因为很多传感器相关的工作级别太低，没有预编译好的硬件地址列表就无法随便列举它们。
>>109398491
Mint's just Ubuntu with a green theme and yes, many users had issues with Ubuntu.
Linux Mint 只不过是个绿色主题的 Ubuntu，是的，很多用户在 Ubuntu 上都有问题。
>>109398128
of course. in the template you can enter a subdirectory instead of a simple filename, eg <yyyy>/<MM>/<dd>-scrot.png
当然。在模板里你可以输入子目录而不是简单的文件名，比如 <yyyy>/<MM>/<dd>-scrot.png
second time this one got flagged as critical
这玩意儿第二次被标记为严重问题了
>>109399219
Why does it look like shit then? I don't want the entire thing to be transparent. I want the background to be
那为什么看起来像屎一样？我不想整个界面都透明。我想要背景是
>>109398583
The store fucking sucks too
商店也他妈太差了
>>109398132
>>109398583
>Kvantum or Klassy.
>Kvantum 或 Klassy。
They look exactly the same as normal KDE themes and they also are outdated
它们看起来和普通 KDE 主题一模一样，而且也很过时
endavouros has been good to me for a year or two now, but i need to encrypt my drive and so pondering a full reinstall. should i switch distros? in any case, it will have to be arch-based but i hate installing arch itself
endavouros 这一年多来对我还不错，但我需要加密硬盘，所以在考虑彻底重装。我该换发行版吗？无论如何，它必须是基于 Arch 的，但我他妈讨厌装 Arch 本身
>>109402237
If you want arch-based, consider artix
如果你想用基于 Arch 的，可以考虑 Artix
>>109394301
>>109398400
Thanks anons, I was looking at things in a wrong way
谢谢各位，我之前看问题的角度错了
>Also I assume by /root you meant the root, aka /
>另外我猜你说 /root 是指根目录，也就是 /
yea
I will just set up all three as separate mount points /mnt/games /mnt/data and /mnt/fast_ssd
我会把这三个分别挂载为独立的挂载点：/mnt/games、/mnt/data 和 /mnt/fast_ssd
>What are your drive sizes?
>你的硬盘容量分别是多少？
250GB nvme for system , 1GB fast ssd and 2x2GB rest
系统用 250GB NVMe，快速 SSD 1GB，其余两块各 2GB
I still think partitioning an mounting is a bit complex when the user has multiple drives, if a new user needs terminal that is. I started to use the KDE partition manager instead but that could be made a bit simpler to help linux noobs like me. But as I wrap my head around it i think the file system is better in Linux than in Windows. Once everything is set up that is.
我还是觉得如果用户有多块硬盘，分区和挂载有点复杂，尤其是如果新手必须用终端的话。我开始用 KDE 分区管理器了，但也许可以让它更简单点，来帮助像我这样的 Linux 菜鸟。不过随着我逐渐理解，我觉得 Linux 的文件系统比 Windows 的好。当然，那是在一切设置好之后。
Wow according to KDE, if I don't want this stupid pointless clipboard icon to appear whenever I copy something, it will completely break my computer's copy and paste functionality.
哇，根据 KDE 的说法，如果我不想每次复制东西时都出现这个愚蠢无用的剪贴板图标，我的电脑复制粘贴功能就会彻底崩溃。
There's no way to disable this system tray icon from appearing without breaking copy/paste.
没有方法可以在不破坏复制粘贴功能的情况下禁用这个系统托盘图标出现。
LMFAO
>>109402681
Just move it into the popup?
把它移到弹出窗口里不行吗？
>>109402681
Just wayland things
就是 Wayland 的那些事
>>109402712
why would I want an annoying and useless system tray popup to appear whenever I copy or paste something.
我干嘛非要每次复制或删除东西时都弹出一个烦人又没用的系统托盘通知呢。
Also I tried downloading an alternative called copyQ and it can't store text and images at the same time. If I copy an image, it loses the text I stored
另外我试了下载一个叫 copyQ 的替代软件，它不能同时保存文本和图片。如果我复制了一张图片，之前存的文本就没了
LMFAO
fucking linux holy shit, I'm really trying to switch from windows, but shit like this drives me nuts.
他妈的 Linux 真是够了，我真的很想从 Windows 转过来，但像这种破事让我抓狂。
Why do linux devs do retarded shit like this?
Linux 开发者为什么要干这种弱智事？
>>109402781
Autism
>>109402781
Unironically you should switch to GNOME where they care about coddling this kind of Rain Man bs.
说真的，你应该换成 GNOME，因为他们热衷于给这种《雨人》式的弱智需求保驾护航。
>>109402781
Switch to X11, it just works unless you need HDR or fractional refresh rates on multiple monitors
换回 X11 吧，除非你需要 HDR 或者多显示器 fractional refresh rates，否则它直接就能用
I hate linux.
我讨厌 Linux。
I totally thought you could fucking do this shit in 2026.
我完全以为 2026 年还能他妈搞定这种事。
fml
>>109402818
>what you you MEAN you don't want annoying pop ups all the time?
>你说什么 你 不 想 时 时 刻 刻 都 被 烦 人 的 弹 窗 打 扰 ？
>what you do MEAN you want to customize your desktop environment
>你 什 么 意 思 你 想 自 定 义 你 的 桌 面 环 境
>>109402908
just write ur own systray lmao
干脆自己写个系统托盘算了，哈哈
>>109402428
>/mnt/games /mnt/data and /mnt/fast_ssd
>/mnt/games /mnt/data 和 /mnt/fast_ssd
Sounds okay'ish. I wouldn't necessarily do "games" or such, reasoning being you may end up figuring other use cases for it later and then it bugs you because it's named "games". Basically the same reason I advice against /home partition.
听起来还行。但我建议别用“games”这种命名，理由是以后你可能发现它有其他用途，然后因为名字叫“games”而觉得别扭。这跟我建议别搞 /home 独立分区的道理一样。
>I still think partitioning an mounting is a bit complex when the user has multiple drives, if a new user needs terminal that is.
>我觉得如果用户有多个硬盘，分区和挂载还是有点复杂，当然这话是针对需要打开终端的新手说的。
>if a new user needs terminal that is.
>当然这话是针对需要打开终端的新手说的。
Are you talking about access permissions? Assuming they are formated using a filesystem that does support Linux/Unix permissions (read: not NTFS or FAT) it's a no brainer.
你是说访问权限吗？假设他们使用的是支持 Linux/Unix 权限的文件系统（也就是说不是 NTFS 或 FAT），那这就根本不是事儿。
I just switched to linux mint from windows 10 after replacing my dead boot SSD
我刚把死机的启动 SSD 换了，从 Windows 10 换到了 Linux Mint
quite like it so far, all the videogames I played regularly still work and the windows-only programs I used frequently have a linux equivalent that's as good or better
目前感觉还不错，我常玩的游戏都能正常玩，我经常用的 Windows 专属软件也有同等或更好的 Linux 替代品
feels like I've come home
感觉像是回家了
This thread doesn't seem very friendly at all
这个帖子看起来一点都不友好
>>109401885
>they also are outdated
>它们也已经过时了
What? Klassy isn't outdated.
什么？Klassy 可没过时。
Why do I need to be notified whenever I download something?
为什么我每次下载东西都要被通知？
I can't even find a way to turn this off because brave isnt showing up in list of applications in notifications settings.
我甚至找不到关掉这个通知的方法，因为在通知设置的应用列表里根本找不到 Brave。
Even turning off notifications system wide doesn't actually do that.
即使在系统全局关掉通知也没用。
>>109402945
>Are you talking about access permissions?
>你是说访问权限吗？
NTA I'm pretty sure he just means the GUI tools are incomplete or too complex, and the CLI commands are difficult to learn for a novice
NTA（不是我的错），我猜他大概是指 GUI 工具不完整或太复杂，而且 CLI 命令对新手来说很难学
>>109402945
>>109403271
>NTA I'm pretty sure he just means the GUI tools are incomplete or too complex, and the CLI commands are difficult to learn for a novice
>NTA（不是我的错），我猜他大概是指 GUI 工具不完整或太复杂，而且 CLI 命令对新手来说很难学
Yes, I am testing out the feel of linux on my old laptop, so I've learnt more or less how to partition and mount drives because I like having order in my file system in windows so I want to carry that over to Linux. Long story short I created partitions and all looked good, clicked on steam, tried to install a game on my specific new partition and it didn't work because I didn't set up permissions properly and only /root only access or something was set up, which I wasn't aware is a thing at that time.
是的，我正在老笔记本上体验 Linux，所以我大概学会了如何分区和挂载硬盘，因为我喜欢在 Windows 里有井井有条的文件系统，所以想在 Linux 里也保持这样。长话短说，我创建了分区，看起来都挺好，点击 Steam 想在我的新分区装个游戏，结果因为没设好权限，只设置了 /root 访问权限之类的东西，当时我根本不知道有这么回事。
So I tried to fix it, which didnt work, I nuked the partition and followed some guides I found online to redo the whole thing properly
于是我试着修复，但没成功，我就把分区删了，照着网上找的一些指南重新弄了一遍
Its not as bad as it sounds, definitely user error on my part, but yea, give some nice GUI tools for the masses. I only used the KDE partition manager, dont know if gparted is better.
其实没听起来那么糟，绝对是我自己的操作失误，但 Yeah，给大众提供一些好用的 GUI 工具吧。我只用了 KDE 分区管理器，不知道 GParted 是不是更好。
>>109403603
I think it's just a fact of life of linux that if you want to do something properly, you will probably need to spend some time to learn how it works and probably learn it on the command line too. This is 100% the biggest barrier to entry for linux and probably the main reason why it's sitting at 2-3% desktop marketshare and hasn't unironically killed windows yet.
我认为这是 Linux 的常态，如果你想把事情做好，你可能需要花点时间学习它是如何工作的，很可能还得学会用命令行。这绝对是 Linux 最大的入门门槛，也是它桌面市场份额只停留在 2-3% 且还没真正“吊打” Windows 的主要原因。
GUI tools exist and some of them are even pretty good, but ultimately everything is built CLI-first and the GUI, if any, is pretty much always just a wrapper around the underlying commands. So they will always work slightly worse, or have some extra issues, or lack support for specific edge cases, or be "simplified" and not have the correct UI to show you all the diagnostics when you're not sure about something, and then you have to go back to the actual CLI to do the real work.
图形界面工具确实存在，而且有些还挺不错，但最终一切都是以 CLI（命令行）优先构建的，GUI 如果有的话，基本上也只是底层命令的包装。所以它们的表现总会差一点，或者有些额外的问题，或者不支持特定的边缘情况，或者被“简化”了，在你不确定该怎么做的时候，无法通过正确的 UI 显示所有诊断信息，结果你还是得回到真正的 CLI 去干活。
>>109403271
>CLI commands are difficult to learn for a novice
>新手觉得 CLI 命令很难学
AI already learned that shit for you nigger. Just ask Google to do it and verify the solution with the man page. Using CLI has never been more trivial.
嘿，AI 已经帮你把这部分玩意儿学好了。直接让 Google 帮你搞，然后用 man 手册验证解决方案就行。用 CLI 从来都没有这么简单过。
>>109403662
Why are you telling me this
你干嘛跟我说这个
If I want to set up a dual boot with windows, I have to keep windows on a seperate drive right? I can't partition a single drive otherwise windows tries to take it over? At least, thats what I've heard.
如果我想搞个双系统（Windows + Linux），我得把 Windows 放在单独的硬盘上对吧？如果不这样做，Windows 会试图接管整个硬盘？至少我是这么听说的。
>>109403727
Anon please re-read the conversation
匿名者请重读前面的对话
>>109394177
>How do I partition in linux?
>在 Linux 里怎么分区？
Your distro is supposed to do all this automatically. There isn't really a reason to know any of this unless you really want to.
你的发行版本该自动搞定这一切。除非你真的很有兴趣，否则没什么必要去了解这些。
>I want my games on my fast ssd
>我想把游戏装在高速 SSD 上
Then install them there. Or create a symlink to it. Symlinks are the equivalent to Windows shortcuts but better.
那就装在那上面。或者创建一个符号链接。符号链接相当于 Windows 的快捷方式，但更好用。
>howtf do I tell the package manager where to install something
>怎么告诉包管理器把软件装到哪
You don't, because package managers are for modifying your OS and installing OS-level packages. You can't break apart your OS.
你不需要这么做，因为包管理器是用来修改操作系统和安装系统级软件的。你不能把操作系统拆散。
Your user apps should either be Appimages or Flatpaks, both of which can be installed anywhere.
你的用户级应用应该是 AppImage 或者 Flatpak，这两者都可以安装到任何地方。
>>109403756
Fair but you should've been the one to explain this to OP
有道理，但这本该由你来向 OP 解释的
>>109395959
Shame that it can't do the same with network mounts.
可惜它不能对网络挂载也这么干。
>>109403849
>Symlinks are the equivalent to Windows shortcuts but better
>符号链接相当于 Windows 的快捷方式，但更好用
Windows has actual symlinks. XDG .desktop files are the equivalent of Windows shortcuts, and Linux desktops wisely use them in very narrow scope. Windows didn't get symlinks until pretty late and the native tools don't use them effectively.
Windows 实际上是有符号链接的。XDG 的 .desktop 文件才是相当于 Windows 快捷方式的东西，而 Linux 桌面环境明智地将其限制在很窄的使用范围内。Windows 直到很晚才拥有符号链接，而且原生工具也没有有效地使用它们。
>>109403984
Once again, tooling sucks.
工具链又是一坨屎。
>>109401885
It's the only way to make KDE look like Windows 7. Just install a Kvantum Windows 7 theme and slap it over KDE. Otherwise, you will have to write your own theme. Sorry, there's no spoon-feeding when it comes to customization in Linux.
这是让 KDE 看起来像 Windows 7 的唯一办法。装个 Kvantum 的 Windows 7 主题，然后应用到 KDE 上。否则你就得自己写主题。很抱歉，在 Linux 的自定义方面没人会手把手教你。
>>109401734
I agree.
我同意。
>>109402781
The popup isn't a notification popup, it's a small window like picrel
那个弹出窗口不是通知弹窗，而是一个小窗口，就像参考图里那样
>>109405329
They have that on Windows too. OP is 70 IQ or trolling.
Windows 上也有这种功能。OP 的智商大概只有 70 或者是在故意抬杠。
>>109405236
there is barely any customization anyway,
反正可定制的东西本来就少，
I thought at least I could just copy someone else theme, but no, there's barely any and they all look the same. All DE are limited in what they can do, see: >>109402895
我还以为至少能直接抄别人的主题，结果没有，而且它们看起来都差不多。所有桌面环境（DE）能做的都很有限，参见：>>109402895
>click click pop click pop click click pop click
>咔哒 咔哒 啵 咔哒 啵 咔哒 咔哒 啵 咔哒
FUCK LINUX SOUND
Windows XP had it right 30 years ago, surely it's time to fix this dog shit
Windows XP 在 30 年前就搞对了，是时候修复这坨屎了
>>109399268
Correct.
>>109405805
Did you install a 2016 version of Ubuntu?
你安装的是2016版本的Ubuntu？
Just installed Cachy OS for political reasons (fuck winjeet) and I didn't have a lot of expectations. I was expecting a negligible fps increase and nothing working. Now I'm genuinely surprised about linux. Like, the couple first hours were really confusing because I had to install pacman and flatpack, I was used to download shit from the bowser like windows. But then i found how intuitive linux is, the fact that I can drag any file, how fast can I copy paste a command from some AI instead of having to click on multiple submenus... And the best thing is that all my pirated games works just by adding them to steam. My switch emulator works BETTER than before. I couldn't use anti-aliasing on eden before, but now I can. Also I installed XFCE and everything is lighting fast. 10/10, will keep using this TOTAL PAJEET DEATH
我出于政治原因安装了Cachy OS（去他妈的winjeet），本来没抱太大期望。我原以为帧数提升微乎其微，而且很多东西会坏掉。但现在我对Linux真的感到惊讶。像，头几个小时内真的很混乱，因为我得安装pacman和flatpak，我习惯了像Windows那样从浏览器下载东西。但后来我发现Linux很直观，我可以拖拽任何文件，我可以从AI那里快速复制粘贴命令，而不必点击多个子菜单……最棒的是，我所有的盗版游戏只要添加到Steam就能运行。我的Switch模拟器比以前运行得更好。以前在eden里我不能用抗锯齿，但现在可以了。我还安装了XFCE，一切都快如闪电。10/10，会继续使用这个TOTAL PAJEET DEATH（注：PAJEET是网络贬义词，指代南亚裔，此处保留原意语境下的论坛黑话风格，但通常翻译为“全印度人终结者”或意译为对南亚裔的蔑称，考虑到论坛语境保留原词或意译“全印人终结者”即可，这里直译意涵）
>>109406387
Glad you're enjoying it. I assume by installing pacman you meant pamac (a GUI software centre for Arch)? Pamac coming preinstalled is my favourite part about Manjaro and CachyOS really should ship it out of the box (though they do make it easy to install).
很高兴你玩得开心。我猜你说安装pacman是指pamac（Arch的图形化软件中心）？Pamac预装是我最喜欢的Manjaro特性，CachyOS真的应该开箱自带（虽然他们让安装变得很容易）。
>>109406434
>Pamac
that one, but it didn't come installed with XFCE. I'm still learning how to use linux, but I'm already making my own custom desktop. I think AI is making Linux way better than windows for new users like me. I still don't know any command, but AI will give me anything I want way faster than it took navigating through multiple menus on windows.
是那个，但它没预装XFCE。我还在学怎么使用Linux，但已经开始自己定制桌面了。我觉得AI让Linux对新用户像我来说比Windows好多了。我连一个命令都不会，但AI给我的任何东西都比我在Windows里点来点去快得多。
>>109405766
>they all look the same
>它们看起来都一样
You could try tiling windows managers, but they have a completely different workflow and it will require some time to get used to it.
你可以试试平铺窗口管理器，但它们的工作流程完全不同，需要时间适应。
>playing game with stream on second stream
>用第二路串流玩游戏
>game randomly locks to like 5fps, gpu usage goes low
>游戏随机锁帧到5fps，GPU使用率降低 ⟾ >Alt+Tab切出去再切回来
>alt tab and alt tab back in
按 Alt+Tab 切换出去再切回来
>smooth 100fps
>流畅100fps
why does this keep happening? gpu activity goes low when it happens too, pic related
为什么这事老是发生？这时候 GPU 占用率也变低了，图在楼里
>>109406779
>on second stream
>在第二条流上
on second monitor*, derp
是指在第二个显示器上啦，我傻了
>>109403750
No that's a retarded old meme. The meme has a small truth though as back in the day PCs used a so called BIOS booting which involved a *per drive* boot sector. When you got something *per drive* it kind of makes sense to have one OS per drive. But that's all irrelevant now as we got UEFI booting.
不，那是个过时的蠢 meme。不过这 meme 里确实有点道理，毕竟早年间 PC 用的是所谓的 BIOS 启动，涉及每个磁盘的引导扇区。当你按“每个磁盘”来划分时，确实有点像每个磁盘装一个 OS 才合理。但现在这都过时了，我们现在有 UEFI 启动。
But even with BIOS booting when you boot up an OS, the OS takes control of everything so having some other OS on some other drive doesn't "separate" or "protect" it or whatever the meme says. You can still casually nuke all your drives regardless.
但就算用 BIOS 启动，当你启动一个 OS 时，这个 OS 会接管一切，所以其他磁盘上有别的 OS 并不能“分离”或“保护”它们，或者 meme 里说的任何鬼话。你依然可以随手炸掉你所有的磁盘。
>>109403849
>Your distro is supposed to do all this automatically
>你的发行版本该自动处理这一切
You mean the "partition automatically" button? I wouldn't say that's the supposed method, it's more like "fuck my shit up" button lmao, you should always take a gander what's about to happen. Don't hit it blindly.
你说的是那个“自动分区”按钮吧？我不觉得那是该用的方法，这更像是个“搞砸我配置”的按钮，哈哈，你总得先看看会发生什么再操作。别闭着眼睛乱点。
>>109406756
>tiling windows managers
>平铺式窗口管理器
No, that sounds awful. I'm really good at using the mouse on my OS.
不，那听起来糟透了。我在 OS 上用鼠标非常熟练。
>>109407150
>No that's a retarded old meme
>不，那是个过时的蠢 meme
Dude it's more true than ever. Microsoft maliciously tries to corrupt GRUB on the same disk now
哥们，这比任何时候都更真实。微软现在正恶意尝试损坏同一块磁盘上的 GRUB
>>109398771
You will need to post logs. If you're on a systemd distro, try checking through systemd logs. Etc.
你得贴出日志。如果你用的是 systemd 发行版，试着查一下 systemd 的日志。等等。
>>109407406
Trying to use chatgpt to diagnose the issue, I've narrowed it down to KWin stuck on using the Intel iGPU and copying it over to the eGPU to display it on the external monitor. I'm using Gentoo KDE Plasma with OpenRC.
正尝试用 ChatGPT 来诊断这个问题，我把它缩小到了 KWin 卡在继续使用 Intel iGPU，并将其复制到 eGPU 以在外部显示器上显示。我用的是 Gentoo KDE Plasma 配合 OpenRC。
>>109407426
In that case, have you filed an issue with Kwin? Or the kwin package?
如果是这样的话，你向 Kwin 或者 kwin 包提交过 issue 吗？
1AM compiling kde-apps/kdecore-meta and it is taking so long with MAKEOPTS="-j7 -l8" HAAAAAAAAAA
凌晨 1 点正在编译 kde-apps/kdecore-meta，用了 MAKEOPTS="-j7 -l8" 还是慢得离谱 HAAAAAAAAAA
>>109407426
>I'm using Gentoo KDE Plasma with OpenRC.
>我用的是 Gentoo KDE Plasma 配合 OpenRC。
fukken based, same but the compile times are so long..
真牛 x，一样，但编译时间太长了……
Can someone ELI5 why nerds hate systemd?
谁能给我个通俗解释，为什么极客们讨厌 systemd？
>>109407489
>https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=493745
>https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/wayland/wayland-protocols/-/merge_requests/268
It seems there already is a report.
看起来已经有报告了。
>Gaming on external GPUs is indeed very challenging. By default, what happens is that
>在外部显卡上游戏确实很有挑战性。默认情况下，发生的事情是
>1. the app renders on the external GPU. Because of limited bandwidth of the USB C connection and https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/mesa/mesa/-/issues/7340, performance is worse compared to having it in a 16x PCIe slot
>2. the driver copies the rendered results to a buffer in system memory
>2. 驱动程序将渲染结果复制到系统内存中的缓冲区
>3. KWin gets that buffer in system memory, composites a results with the integrated GPU
>3. KWin 获取系统内存中的那个缓冲区，用集成显卡合成结果
>4. KWin either presents the composited result directly, or copies the composited result back to the eGPU and presents it on a display connected to that
>4. KWin 要么直接呈现合成后的结果，要么将合成后的结果复制回 eGPU 并在连接到该卡的显示器上呈现
KDE a SHIT!
>>109407725
Just coompile overnight, bro.
直接让它通宵编译吧，兄弟。
>>109406387
>My switch emulator works BETTER than before.
>我的 Switch 模拟器比以前跑得更好了。
No shit. All the popular emulators primarily care about Linux and Android.
废话。所有流行的模拟器主要都支持 Linux 和 Android。
>>109407971
it's almost 4AM and I'm still compiling, but this time I'm recompiling some packages with the pulseaudio USE flag for pipewire to emulate pulseaudio and for audio to work
快凌晨 4 点了我还在编译，不过这次我是用 pulseaudio USE 标志重新编译一些包，以便 pipewire 模拟 pulseaudio 让音频正常工作
almost 5AM and gentoo is still compiling
快凌晨 5 点了，Gentoo 还在编译
https://copr.fedorainfracloud.org/coprs/signalno11/aerothemeplasma-rpm/
Is this repo sketchy?
这个仓库靠谱吗？
>>109408315
Thanks for the updates anon-chan
谢谢更新，anon-chan
I am on my knees praying for Fedora to push out a shitty broken update that fucks up my computer so that I have a reason to switch to Debian.
我跪地祈祷 Fedora 能推出一更新就炸的破烂更新，把我的电脑搞挂，这样我就有理由换到 Debian 了。
for those of you that use fedora
给那些用 Fedora 的伙计们
do you have any third party repositories besides rpmfusion?
你们除了 rpmfusion 之外还有装什么第三方仓库吗？
what about copr?
copr 呢？
>>109408589
I have the copr repo for cdemu and that's it.
我装了 cdemu 的 copr 仓库，就这一个。
>>109408589
I have no idea. My distro (Bazzite) handles all that irrelevant shit for me.
完全不知道。我的发行版（Bazzite）替我搞定所有这些没必要的烂摊子。
>>109408639
That's because Bazzite uses Flatpak and Homebrew for binaries while including drivers by default.
那是因为 Bazzite 用 Flatpak 和 Homebrew 来搞二进制文件，还默认包含了驱动。
>>109408601
yeah i dont trust copr too much
嗯，我也不太信 copr。
i want to move from arch to fedora
我想从 Arch 转投 Fedora。
i dont wanna use the AUR anymore and want more stability
我不想再折腾 AUR 了，想要更稳定一点。
>>109396877
>>using pure 64 bit gentoo
>>用纯 64 位 Gentoo 的人
>I kneel
>我跪了
Not much point having all the 32-bit crap unless you want to game on your system but then that means having said crap.
留着所有 32 位的垃圾没啥意义，除非你想在系统上玩游戏，但那就意味着你得装那些垃圾了。
I put it all in Archlinux (Actually since converted to CachyOS but it was Arch) chroot instead because the kernel still has the 32-bit support compiled in I just don't want it on my host.
我把这些全塞进 Archlinux（实际上后来转成了 CachyOS，但本质还是 Arch）的 chroot 里，因为内核里还是编译了 32 位支持，我只是不想让它跑在我的宿主机上。
>>109389413
absolute tourist here, how do you guys manage viruses and shit? you know how they say "support for windows X will end in..." how does that work there
纯纯的旅游新人，你们怎么搞定病毒之类的东西？你们不是说“Windows X 的支持将在……结束”吗，在那边是怎么操作的？
>>109409723
Viruses aren't really a thing in Linux like they can be on Windows because binary packages are maintained/looked over by volunteers before being pushed live. Closest thing you have to a typical virus scanner is ClamAV which scans single files you think are sus.
在 Linux 上病毒真不是啥大事，不像 Windows 那样。因为二进制包在发布上线前都有志愿者维护/审核。最接近传统杀毒软件的东西就是 ClamAV，用来扫描你觉得可疑的单个文件。
>>109409732
fr some files are sussin and not bussin
说实话，有些文件确实挺让人起疑的，根本不像样。
>>109407252
GRUB is obsolete, just use an efi stub kernel and install refind if you don't like your mobo's selector
GRUB 已经过时了，直接用 efi stub 内核，要是你不喜欢主板自带的启动选择器就装个 refind。
Is unar actually better than unrar and unzip?
unar 真的比 unrar 和 unzip 更好用吗？
This is where we'd be today if troons didn't take over our hobby
要不是那些绿帽男接管了我们的爱好，我们早就到这一步了。
>>109408589
I have topgrade and faugus coprs
我装了 topgrade 和 faugus 的 copr。
>>109408639
Bazzite uses the terra repo.
Bazzite 用的是 terra 仓库。
>>109409786
Can other bootloaders boot encrypted partitions?
其他引导程序能引导加密分区吗？
>>109409723
We don't. Anti-malware for Linux isn't as required as it is on Windows for multiple reasons.
我们不这么搞。出于各种原因，Linux 不需要像 Windows 那样依赖反恶意软件。
The primary source of software for users of traditional Linux distributions is the OS devs/maintainers themselves. The way software distribution works in traditional distributions is:
传统 Linux 发行版用户的主要软件来源就是操作系统开发者/维护者自己。传统发行版的软件分发方式是：
1. The OS maintainers themselves pull a list of open source software, then they build that software themselves, then they publish that software to their repositories.
1. OS 维护者自己拉取一份开源软件列表，然后亲自编译这些软件，最后发布到他们的仓库里。
2. You install that software from your built-in app store.
2. 你从内置的应用商店安装这些软件。
Linux "distributions" are literally "software distributors/publishers" themselves. Think of it as if Microsoft is maintaining stuff like Firefox, mpv, VLC, 7zip, KeePass, etc. rather than allowing the developers of these apps to push the apps directly to the Microsoft App Store. So, if you use Fedora or Ubuntu, you're not downloading and installing "VLC" you're downloading "Fedora's VLC" or "Ubuntu's VLC".
Linux “发行版”字面意思就是“软件分销商/发布者”本身。你可以把它想象成微软自己维护 Firefox、mpv、VLC、7zip、KeePass 之类的软件，而不是允许这些应用的开发者直接把应用推到微软应用商店。所以，如果你用 Fedora 或 Ubuntu，你下载安装的并不是“VLC”，而是“Fedora 版的 VLC”或“Ubuntu 版的 VLC”。
It might sound weird, but it kind of works. If you didn't trust the OS maintainers in the first place, then you wouldn't use their OS. So trusting them with your apps makes sense.
听起来有点怪，但确实挺管用的。如果你一开始就不信任 OS 维护者，那你本来也不会用他们的系统。所以信任他们来提供你的应用也是合情合理的。
In more modern times (and in modern/immutable distributions) you're more reliant on Flatpaks, Appimages, Snaps, etc. for 3rd party software (anything that doesn't ship with your OS). As time passes, Linux distros will need proper anti-malware tools. For now everything is pretty much reputation-based and your anti-virus is "common sense". Flathub and Snap Store are somewhat vetted, but historically there was malware sneaked into the Snap store.
在现代（以及现代的不可变发行版）中，你更依赖 Flatpak、AppImage、Snap 等来获取第三方软件（即那些不随操作系统捆绑发布的软件）。随着时间推移，Linux 发行版将需要真正的反恶意软件工具。目前，一切基本都基于声誉，你的“杀毒软件”就是“常识”。Flathub 和 Snap Store 虽然经过某种程度的审核，但历史上 Snap 商店也曾混入过恶意软件。
Drive-by malware is a lot less common in Linux since most distros have almost no network exposed services running in background.
由于大多数发行版的后台几乎不暴露网络服务，因此“驱动型恶意软件”在 Linux 上少见得多。
Deeply-rooted viruses are less common as anything that would affect your system requires a password prompt.
深度植根的病毒也较少见，因为任何影响系统的操作都需要输入密码提示。
>>109409911
Snakeoil. This is why you have EFI measured boot.
那是扯淡。这正是为什么你需要 EFI 测量启动（Measured Boot）的原因。
>>109409911
The bootloader itself has to be decrypted. So if your bootloader is your kernel, then the kernel can't be encrypted, but everything else afterwards can be yes.
引导加载程序本身必须被解密。所以如果你的引导加载程序就是你的内核，那么内核不能被加密，但之后的所有内容都可以加密。
But using (decrypted) grub just to boot an encrypted kernel isn't useful. The kernel carries no identifiable information. If you want to protect against someone maliciously swapping your kernel, you need some form of measured boot like the other anon said: using GRUB doesn't help since the bootloader is still unencrypted, someone can just swap in a malicious GRUB instead.
但仅仅使用（解密的）GRUB 来启动加密内核并没有多大用处，因为内核本身不包含可识别的信息。如果你想防止有人恶意替换你的内核，你需要像另一位匿名用户说的那样采用某种形式的测量启动：使用 GRUB 并无帮助，因为引导加载程序仍未加密，别人可以直接替换成恶意的 GRUB。
>>109410445
>>109410520
I have an encrypted btrfs root partition. So if I want complete snapshots I can roll back to without hacks like hooks that back up /boot I need boot on the root partition. And grub can do this. Only /efi with grub is unencrypted and excluded from the snapshots
我有一个加密的 btrfs 根分区。所以，如果我想在不使用像钩子备份 /boot 这种 hack 的情况下实现完整的快照并回滚，我需要让 /boot 位于根分区内。而 GRUB 可以做到这一点。只有 /efi 中的 GRUB 是未加密的，且不包含在快照中。
>>109410585
>nooo you don't understand i'd have to write another 8 lines of shell script
>不不不，你不懂，我得再写 8 行 shell 脚本
>>109410599
Well, it just works with grub so I don't have to
嗯，用 GRUB 就能直接工作，所以我不用那么做。
>>109410585
Okay, that's a fair usecase for an external bootloader, since it is indeed more useful to back up old kernels than backing up old GRUB versions (which rarely change)
好吧，对于外部引导加载程序来说，这确实是个合理的使用场景，因为备份旧内核确实比备份旧 GRUB 版本更有用（毕竟 GRUB 很少变动）。
Though btrfs IIRC treats subvolumes as boundaries for snapshots, so it's common to write scripts to orchestrate snapshots across all your subvolumes anyway (and snapshotting /boot separately would be trivial), so I think this probably only makes sense if you use btrfs with no subvolumes and literally everything is in one volume
不过我记得 btrfs 把子卷当作快照的边界，所以通常还是会写脚本来协调所有子卷的快照（单独快照 /boot 也很容易），所以我觉得这大概只在你使用没有子卷、所有东西都在一个卷里的 btrfs 时才有意义。
>try to run mypaint
>试着运行 mypaint
>laggy and stuttery performance
>卡顿且掉帧
>switch to xfce (x11/xlibre)
>切换到 xfce (x11/xlibre)
>mypaint runs smooth as butter
>mypaint 运行起来丝般顺滑
>screen feels noticeably more responsive
>屏幕明显感觉更跟手
I can't even tell you how mad I am right now. The machine I'm using is a Surface Book 2, and with KDE Plasma, I have auto rotate, an on screen keyboard, and I can easily detach and reattach the keyboard. If I try detaching or reattaching the keyboard in XFCE it either crashes the session or locks up the computer entirely, requiring a hard reset, most likely due to the GPU in the keyboard. So in other words the desktop environment that has the best compatibility with my device is stuck on Wayland which runs like crap, and if I want to get better performance & responsiveness I'll have to jump through God only knows what kind of hoops to get it to function with my device correctly, if that's even possible. This sucks big time.
我真不知道该怎么表达我现在有多火大。我用的机器是 Surface Book 2，用 KDE Plasma 的话，自动旋转、屏幕键盘这些都没问题，键盘的拆卸和安装也很容易。但在 XFCE 里，每次试图拆卸或重新安装键盘，要么会话崩溃，要么电脑直接死锁，只能强制重启，很可能就是因为键盘里的显卡导致的。换句话说，对我的设备兼容性最好的桌面环境被锁在 Wayland 上了，而 Wayland 跑起来简直一塌糊涂；如果我想要更好的性能和响应速度，就得想办法让它在我的设备上正常工作——具体得折腾什么鬼操作，连上帝都不知道，甚至可能根本做不到。这体验真是烂透了。
>>109391702
I've been using cachy for about a year now and haven't encountered any of these issues.
我用 CachyOS 大概一年了，没遇到过这些问题。
>>109410821
Which one is it, X11 or Xlibre? Are you sure it isn't Xorg? Seems like you are completely clueless about anything.
你指的是哪一个？X11 还是 Xlibre？你确定不是 Xorg 吗？看起来你对这些一无所知啊。
>>109409965
what about the aur malware
那 AUR 里的恶意软件怎么办？
>>109411334
>arch
>relevant
>>109411334
equivalent of downloading setup.exes from the internet.
这跟从网上下载安装 .exe 安装包没什么区别。
>>109411484
You need less.
你其实不需要那么多。
>>109411484
Yes, you forgot to install Qemu so you could run a real os
是的，你忘了安装 Qemu，这样你就能跑真正的操作系统了。
>>109411484
feh
unclutter
7z instead of unzip and zip?
用 7z 代替 unzip 和 zip？
How do I know which components are a good idea for a new Linux PC? Especially when it comes to the motherboard. I'm thinking of Asus Prime X870-P with Ryzen 7 9850X3D and RTX 5070 ti for a new PC but this is the first time I'm getting a PC where I plan to only install Linux, previously having had Windows as my first OS and then installing Linux to a second drive.
我怎么知道哪些组件适合用来组装一台新的 Linux 电脑？特别是主板。我在考虑用华硕 Prime X870-P 主板，搭配 Ryzen 7 9850X3D 处理器和 RTX 5070 Ti 显卡来组装新机，但这是我第一次打算只安装 Linux 的电脑。以前我都是先用 Windows 作为主系统，然后再在第二块硬盘上装 Linux。
Yes Nvidia sucks compared to AMD for GPU but I need CUDA so I can do work stuff from home and my current 2070 hasn't really given me any trouble in the last 6 months.
是的，在 GPU 方面 Nvidia 确实不如 AMD，但我需要 CUDA 来在家里处理工作事务，而且我现在的 2070 在过去六个月里没给我带来任何麻烦。
>>109411567
It's right under i3status, anon
就在 i3status 正下方，匿名老哥。
>>109412062
unless you use some uncommon dedeicated hardware it's fine. for 5070 use nvidia-open.
你还想去试试 YouTube 上的 "mint to mac" 主题吗？简直太他妈棒了，兄弟。
>>109398491
iam' less pro than you friend but i installed it perfectly.
我比你这位“朋友”还不懂行，但我完美地装好了。
i typed the dumbest question in google's ai and it assisted me.
我在谷歌的 AI 里输入了最蠢的问题，它居然帮到我了。
>allright but sudo abt xxx yyy didn't do shit gogol
>好了，但是 sudo abt xxx yyy 完全没用啊，谷歌（AI）
>oh, then do this first and this, tell me when it's done.
>哦，那你先做这个，再做那个，做完了告诉我。
Even the "partitions" boot ups etc. all perfect
甚至连“分区”、启动过程等都完美无缺。
>gogol my drives look like this:
>谷歌（AI）我看我的磁盘是这样的：
>sdb1 (500gbssd)
>sdb1（500GB固态硬盘）
sda HDD
sda 机械硬盘
gogol ai assisted me like a good educated jamboy with proper english lol
谷歌 AI 像个受过良好教育、英语流利的黑人小伙一样帮了我，哈哈。
You also wanna try out the "mint to mac" theme on youtube, it's fucking great bro
你也去试试YouTube上那个“mint to mac”主题，真的屌炸了兄弟
>>109412062
>RTX
nVidia performance is such a shitshow on Linux. You're paying for a 5070, but getting 4070 or 5060 performance. Not to mention the various bugs nVidia has on desktop and in some apps. Also it's less compatible with Proton compared to AMD/Intel if you intend to game on your PC.
Nvidia 在 Linux 上的性能简直是一团糟。你花了 5070 的钱，却只得到了 4070 或 5060 的性能。更别提 Nvidia 在桌面环境和某些应用里还存在各种 bug。另外，如果你打算在 PC 上玩游戏，Nvidia 对 Proton 的兼容性也不如 AMD/Intel。
A better option would be having a dedicated headless system for nVidia/CUDA, and an AMD GPU in your main rig. That's honestly less of a headache, since your work machine should be as stable and bug-free as possible.
更好的选择是为 Nvidia/CUDA 准备一台专用的无头（headless）系统，而在主力机里使用 AMD 显卡。说实话，这样麻烦少得多，因为你的工作机器应该尽可能稳定且无 bug。
>motherboard
If you care about built-in bluetooth and WiFi you need to avoid Realtek hardware. Just ask Gemini to get info on this.
如果你在意内置蓝牙和WiFi，就得避开Realtek的硬件。去问Gemini查查这方面的资料就知道了。
>>109412323
Is it really that bad? I haven't noticed a major difference on my 2070 compared to Windows. I played many of the same games. I did notice a 5-10% drop in fps in some games but that is fine and would be even more fine on a powerful GPU where I'm getting more than enough fps anyway. Also all of those problems like desktop glitches have been gone for me for about 5-6 months now ever since driver version 580 or so.
真的那么差吗？我在2070上没感觉到跟Windows有什么大差别。我玩了很多同样的游戏。我确实注意到某些游戏的帧数下降了5-10%，但这完全可以接受，而且如果用性能更强的GPU，帧数本来就已经绰绰有余了。另外，像桌面卡屏之类的问题，从580左右版本的驱动开始，大概五六个月前就再也见不到了。
But it's something to think about. Currently I don't need that much VRAM so I could just use my old PC for CUDA I suppose but future proofing would be nice too.
不过这也是个值得考虑的因素。目前我对显存的需求没那么大，所以也许可以直接用旧电脑跑CUDA，当然能兼顾未来兼容性也挺好。
>>109412478
>Is it really that bad?
>真的那么差吗？
Depends on what games you play.
这取决于你玩什么游戏。
The performance hit mainly comes from DX12->Vulkan translation and ray tracing, so it's primarily modern titles that are affected. Anything DX11 and older could theoretically run faster on Linux considering running games with Vulkan gives more performance than nVidia steals with bad drivers.
性能损失主要来自DX12到Vulkan的转换以及光线追踪，所以主要受影响的是现代大作。理论上，DX11及更老的游戏在Linux上运行得更快，因为用Vulkan运行游戏带来的性能增益，会超过Nvidia通过烂驱动“偷走”的性能。
As for compatibility, apparently it is pretty bad. At least according to ProtonDB. There was some statistic posted recently which shows that there's a higher % of nVidia users reporting a game doesn't work, while AMD PCs could run the games fine (Intel fell somewhere in between). SteamOS was omitted from the statistics since it would skew against nVidia even more.
至于兼容性，据ProtonDB上说确实挺糟。最近有个统计数据表明，报告游戏无法运行的Nvidia用户比例较高，而AMD电脑则能正常运行这些游戏（Intel用户处于两者之间）。SteamOS被排除在统计之外，因为如果算进去，对Nvidia就更不利了。
There's also pretty much 0 advanced/niche tools and features that some tech nerds love.
另外，几乎没有多少进阶/小众工具和功能，而一些技术宅可是很喜欢这些的。
You can have a look at benchmarks done by some youtubers if you want, although from what I see they mostly focus on new games.
如果你想看的话，可以去看看一些YouTuber做的基准测试，不过据我所知，他们主要关注的是新游戏。
https://youtu.be/ovOx4_8ajZ8?t=1167
Is there any reason to disable Easy/BattleEye anti-cheat in Lutris? They're enabled by default and the game doesn't use any anti-cheat. I'm just wondering if it makes any difference whatsoever to have it enabled/disabled.
在Lutris里有没有理由禁用Easy/BattleEye反作弊？默认是开启的，但游戏本身并没有使用任何反作弊系统。我只是好奇开启或禁用它会不会有什么不同。
>>109393515
>that's bullshit, there has to be a way?
>那都是扯淡，肯定有办法的？
anon it's literally youtube doing this, if you are using firefox or an adblocker and not using chrome they will fuck you with fake loading times
anon，这其实是YouTube自己在搞鬼。如果你用的是Firefox或广告拦截器，而不是Chrome，它们就会用虚假的加载时间坑你。
Does anyone know why Tmux horizontal panes are not the same height?
有人知道为什么Tmux的水平窗格高度不一样吗？
I learned how to use selinux on gentoo and i understand it now
我在Gentoo上学了selinux的用法，现在终于理解了
>>109413975
I gave up on learning selinux on gentoo. What's even the point of it?
我放弃在Gentoo上学selinux了。这玩意儿到底有啥用？
>>109414005
you can assign cuck labels to processes and files and totally enslave them
你可以给进程和文件贴上cuck标签，然后彻底奴役它们
no point really unless you run a webserver or something like that
说实话没啥用，除非你跑个Web服务器之类的
>>109393515
>>109413211
I'm on LibreWolf with uBlock and I don't get fake loading times or any oddities like that. LibreWolf is literally just regular vanilla Firefox with Mozilla AIDs removed. Maybe anon should try that instead?
我用的是LibreWolf加uBlock，没碰到假加载时间或其他怪异问题。LibreWolf其实就是普通原版Firefox去掉Mozilla那些乱七八糟的东西。也许这位匿名网友可以试试这个？
>>109414409
In my experience I don't get much fake loading in a normal Firefox private window using Youtube, but in my actual logged-in account I do get the fake loading most of the time.
以我的经验，用普通Firefox隐私窗口看YouTube不会遇到太多假加载，但在我登录账号的窗口里几乎每次都会遇到。
>>109414409
>>109413211
It magically fixed on it's own.
它自己莫名其妙就好了。
I'm good now.
我现在没事了。
>>109413576
There's no reason to use nothing but GNU Screen.
除了GNU Screen以外没必要用别的东西。
i tried but i just cant leave arch
我试过，但就是离不开Arch
its just too convenient compared to something like fedora
和Fedora之类比起来实在太方便了
and im not even talking about the AUR which i avoid as much as possible
而且我还没提AUR呢，我尽量避着它
>>109414928
I really don't understand your inane post. Distro is not a separate operating system.
我真看不懂你发的这破帖子。发行版又不是单独的操作系统。
I tried installing librewolf through the AUR but this shit istaking too long, forget it I'll stick with firefox
我试着通过AUR装LibreWolf，但这玩意儿太慢了，算了，我还是用Firefox吧。
>>109414979
Use the -bin package, anon-chan
用那个-bin包啊，匿名酱。
>>109414979
First time compiling software eh? Chromium-based browsers take magnitudes longer btw, case you ever want to compile one of those.
第一次编译软件吧？顺便说下，基于Chromium的浏览器要花的时间多得多，要是你想编译那种的话。
ran into a funny issue, rebooted my friends server after doing updates and it didn't come back up, but you'd never guess why.
碰到个搞笑的问题，给朋友的服务器更新完重启后没起来，但你绝对猜不到为啥。
the updates ran fine, but it's running off a single hdd and it'd become so full/probably fragmented (it hadn't been rebooted for over half a year) that it's btrfs volume was taking more than 1:30min to mount, and the mounting task timed out, lol.
更新倒是正常跑完了，但它用的是单块HDD，盘几乎满了而且可能碎片化（已经半年多没重启过），导致它的btrfs卷挂载要花一分半多钟，挂载任务直接超时了，哈哈。
>>109414979
download brave origin and strip the crypto shit out of it. It's based
下载Brave Origin然后把里面的加密币垃圾卸掉吧，这玩意儿挺靠谱的。
>>109414979
just use the flatpak like a normal person
就正常点用flatpak得了。
I JUST SPENT THE LAST 2 DAYS COMPILING A CUSTOM INTERNET SUITE
>UXP (Pale Moon) engine from git
>从git拉的UXP（Pale Moon）引擎
>SeaMonkey (Netscape) front-end
>SeaMonkey（Netscape）前端
>heavily audited compiler and linker flags for optimization without breaking functionality because Pale Moon is poorly optimized for modern sites and CPU bound
>为优化和功能不崩而重度审计的编译器和链接器标志，因为Pale Moon对现代网站优化差且吃CPU
>added it to a daemon that renices to -15, along with my games
>把它加进守护进程里，跟游戏一起renice到-15
>a bunch of telemetry and crap like webrtc purged, if I really need it I'll use Ungoogled in app mode
>一堆遥测和WebRTC之类的垃圾都清掉了，真要用了就用无谷歌版的应用模式
>modified like 10 extensions from PM and SeaMonkey to be compatible.
>改了大约10个PM和SeaMonkey的扩展来兼容
>GTK2, like the rest of my desktop and a new allocator that not even PM has released yet
>GTK2，跟我桌面其他部分一样，还有个PM都还没发布的新分配器
Feels so fucking good. Maybe I'll try setting up automated builds on my server so I can get weekly updates.
感觉太爽了。也许我会试试在服务器上搞自动构建，这样就能每周更新了。
>>109416091
i like me gtk2 pale moon as well, been using it since firefox announced australis (2013/2014). What's the allocator you're talking about?
我也喜欢我的GTK2 Pale Moon，从Firefox宣布Australis（2013/2014年）就开始用了。你说的分配器是啥？
>>109416120
https://repo.palemoon.org/MoonchildProductions/UXP/issues/2911
Looks like I was mistaken, it was released a few months ago. It's just the build instructions on the site haven't been updated yet.
看来我搞错了，它几个月前就发布了。只是官网的构建说明还没更新而已。
There's probably no real difference, but in theory mimalloc is faster. Less code, more modern. It can be enabled with
可能没太大实际区别，但理论上mimalloc更快。代码更少，更现代化。可以用以下参数启用：
ac_add_options --enable-mimalloc
添加编译选项 --enable-mimalloc
ac_add_options --disable-jemailloc
ac_add_options --disable-jemailloc（编译配置项：禁用 jemalloc）
in the .mozconfig
放在.mozconfig里
Another thing I found was pretty much all builds disable GCC Gold. It supposedly used to cause crashes, but from my testing I found it makes no difference. It's probably still disabled out of paranoia of untraceable crashes in some edgecase.
另外我发现几乎所有的构建都禁用了GCC Gold。据说以前会导致崩溃，但我测试下来没啥区别。估计还是出于对某些边缘情况下无法追踪的崩溃的偏执才保持禁用的。
>>109408972
There's not much reason to go out of repo on Fedora anyway, since there's way more packages than on Arch.
在Fedora上其实没啥理由出官方仓库，因为它的包比Arch多多了。
>>109410599
Yeah, I don't want to. The computer should work for me, not the other way around.
对，我不想折腾。电脑应该为我服务，而不是反过来。
>inb4 go back to Windows
>提前喷：回去用Windows吧
Or I can keep using the available and popular Linux tools that work out of the box.
或者我可以继续用那些开箱即用的、现成的、流行的Linux工具。
>>109417149
is that the case?
真是这样吗？
i thought it would be missing a lot because they dont have anything non-free
我以为它会缺很多包，因为他们没有任何非自由的东西。
>>109417173
As far as non-free stuff there is RPMFusion which is literally just a legal loophole by Fedora developers
至于非自由软件，有RPMFusion，那简直就等于是Fedora开发者搞的法律漏洞。
Would having swap on kill my SSD faster?
开swap会不会让我的SSD挂得更快？
>>109416091
>I JUST SPENT THE LAST 2 DAYS COMPILING A CUSTOM INTERNET SUITE
why exactly?
到底为啥？
why can't you just be normal?
你就不能正常点吗？
>>109417197
If you don't always use swap, no. All reads and writes wear your SSD. Make that minimum. Don't use swap until memory is full.
如果你不一直用swap，那不行。所有读写都会磨损你的SSD。尽量降到最低。内存满了之前别用swap。
>>109417197
mine has been fine been using it for like 6 years never noticed any issue
我的用了大概6年一直没问题，从来没注意到什么毛病
>>109417197
Browser's profile writes use ultimately way more disk writes than occasional swap access. You should move your firefox profile to ram. Arch wiki has a good entry.
浏览器的配置文件写入最终会比偶尔的swap访问消耗更多磁盘写入。你应该把Firefox配置文件移到内存里。Arch Wiki上有很好的条目。
starting to like debian when its minimal. not a fan of the opinions the installer chooses for you.
开始喜欢极简版的Debian。不太喜欢安装程序替你做的那些选择。
I know its usually recommended to run each wine application/game/software in a separate prefix but how well does wine handle running everything in one single prefix these days?
我知道通常建议每个wine应用/游戏/软件都单独用一个prefix，但如今wine把所有东西放在一个prefix里跑得怎么样了？
>>109416312
GCC gold is just an alternative linker to bfd. It's probably disabled because upstream GCC doesn't consider it to be as well maintained as the bfd one, especially if you're building with things like LTO.
GCC gold只是bfd的另一个链接器替代品。它可能被禁用是因为上游GCC认为它没有bfd维护得好，尤其是你用了LTO这样的东西来构建时。
>>109418247
>debian
>minimal
>>109418280
Just as well as always. The reason why multiple prefixes are recommended is because some apps just run better in older versions of WINE, and backing up apps/games is much easier if you organize everything. Running everything in a single prefix is the same as having a single installation of Windows. It's convenient, but some things are incompatible with this setup as features get deprecated or modified. That's why Linux has a better backwards compatibility with Windows software than Windows does.
和以前一样好。推荐多个prefix是因为有些应用在旧版WINE里运行得更好，而且如果你把东西整理好，备份应用/游戏也更容易。所有东西放在一个prefix里就像装了一个单独的Windows系统。方便是方便，但随着功能被弃用或修改，有些东西就不兼容这种设置了。这也是为什么Linux对Windows软件的向后兼容性比Windows自己还好。
>>109411484
Too much Xorg crap. Replace i3 with Sway
Xorg的破事太多了。把i3换成Sway吧
does anyone here write their own PKGBUILDs?
这里有人自己写PKGBUILD吗？
i think it might be a good idea to learn how to
我觉得学习怎么写可能是个好主意
also to stop using aur helpers
还有别再依赖AUR helper了
>>109418306
I actually couldn't build with LTO because it fucks with the symbols which makes it fail to build libxul
我其实用LTO构建不了，因为它会搞乱符号，导致libxul构建失败
>>109418317
Yes.
Do a netinst. Uncheck everything at tasksel. Disable auto-install of Recommends dependencies.
做netinst安装。在tasksel里什么都别勾选。禁用自动安装Recommends依赖。
And it has a chroot installer so you can bypass Debian Installer if you like.
而且它有chroot安装器，所以你要是喜欢可以直接绕开Debian Installer。
Plus, Debian splits upstream packages so you end up with a smaller installed system.
另外，Debian会拆分上游包，所以你最终装出来的系统更小。
>>109418654
Just do a thorough inspection of the pkgbuild and whatever other files it provides like patches or desktop files , shell wrappers and once you check once every other inspection should be easy with your aur helper since itll only show a diff of the changes
只要仔细检查一下pkgbuild和它提供的其他文件，比如补丁、desktop文件、shell封装，你检查过一次后，之后用AUR helper检查就简单了，因为它只会显示改动的diff。
>>109418333
I actually hate this, just finished setting up a game from 2006 and it ran perfectly. But after updating to ge proton 11-3 it began to stutter.
我其实很烦这个，刚设置好一个2006年的游戏，运行得好好的。但更新到GE Proton 11-3后就开始卡顿了。
I'm willing to give the game another go maybe it was something else on my side
我愿意再给这游戏一次机会，也许是我这边别的东西的问题。
>>109418896
I've recently read that some newer version of GE Proton had performance regressions. Could be that. Assuming you're installing these the proper way (with something like ProtonPlus or another WINE manager) you should have the option to manually pick which version of Proton is used by your existing prefix. The rule of thumb is never swap your Proton versions in a prefix that works fine, unless you're trying to get extra performance in which case you should be able to revert it in case of regressions.
我最近看到有些新版 GE Proton 有性能回退的问题。可能就是那个原因。假设你是用正规方式装的（比如 ProtonPlus 或其他 WINE 管理器），你应该能手动选现有前缀用的 Proton 版本。经验法则就是，除非你想榨性能，否则别去换一个好好的前缀里的 Proton 版本，就算换也得能回滚以防出问题。
>>109391044
Linux has been like that for a while, most distros have minimal issues with updates. It's mostly retarded NVIDIA users that buy shit, eat that shit and complain it tastes like shit. For normal people, it's just improvements.
Linux 这状况已经持续一阵子了，大多数发行版更新都很少出大问题。主要是那些傻逼 NVIDIA 用户，买了垃圾、吃了垃圾还抱怨味道像垃圾。对正常人来说，这纯粹是改进。
>>109418989
Shut the fuck up please. Prefix has nothing to do with the runtime tool etc. It's always a mistake to talk about these things because most linux "advisors" are beyond technically retarded.
麻烦你闭嘴吧。前缀跟运行时工具之类的毛关系都没有。聊这些总是错，因为大多数 Linux“顾问”技术烂到姥姥家了。
>>109419011
>Prefix has nothing to do with the runtime tool etc
>前缀跟运行时工具之类的没关系
It does. You're just wrong.
有关系。你纯粹是错了。
>>109418722
is this aur malware stuff actually a big deal or no?
这个 AUR 恶意软件的事真有那么严重吗，还是没啥？
are you still using arch?
你还在用 Arch 吗？
>>109418989
>The rule of thumb is never swap your Proton versions in a prefix that works fine
>经验法则就是，别去换一个好好的前缀里的 Proton 版本
This. Why change it if it works?
就是这样。能跑为啥要换？
>>109417197
Theoretically yes, practically no unless it's a glorified USB stick from ali.
理论上严重，实际上没啥事，除非是那种淘宝杂牌 U 盘。
Linux bros, any experiences with VRR issues?
Linux 兄弟们，有人遇到过 VRR 问题吗？
I have an AMD GPU and I need to command for some of my games in steam to eliminate issues when I run a game and my monitor stays at a lower Hz causing than my in-game fps causing massive stutters
我有块 AMD 显卡，玩某些 Steam 游戏时我得手动下命令才能解决，不然我开游戏时显示器停在较低刷新率，导致跟游戏内帧率不匹配，疯狂卡顿。
>env PROTON_ENABLE_WAYLAND=1 %command%
>env PROTON_ENABLE_WAYLAND=1 %命令%
LLMs told me this is a common thing for DX11 games and some cusotm engine games and modified engine games (KCD's cry engine as example)
LLM 告诉我这是 DX11 游戏和一些自定义引擎、修改版引擎（比如 KCD 的 CRY 引擎）的常见问题。
I know I found a solution with the command, but it seems strange that its a common issue? anyone with the same problem? Why is proton not recognizing this by default? i thought thats what proton is for? one user finds a problem and they fix it for everyone.
我知道我用那命令找到解法了，但奇怪的是这问题这么普遍？有人遇到一样的吗？为什么 Proton 默认不识别这个？我以为这就是 Proton 干的事？有人发现问题就该修好让大家都受益嘛。
>>109419419
>when I run a game and my monitor stays at a lower Hz causing than my in-game fps causing massive stutters
>当我运行游戏时，显示器停在较低刷新率导致跟游戏内帧率不匹配，疯狂卡顿
fuck i need sleep, i meant
操，我得睡觉了，我是说
when I run a game and my monitor stays at a lower Hz causing massive stutters
当我运行游戏时，显示器停在较低刷新率导致疯狂卡顿
>>109419419
Wayland isn't enabled by default yet because Steam input (controller remapping) and the overview is broken.
Wayland 还没默认启用，因为 Steam 输入（手柄映射）和总览界面是坏的。
Basically, it is fine apart from that but Valve can't flip the default until they fix that because it'll be bad for the product.
基本上除了那些问题都还行，但 Valve 没法在修好之前切默认，不然对产品不好。
If I've already installed Linux, is there any reason to still leave windows on my PC as a dual-boot option in this current year anno domini of our lord and saviour 2026?
如果我已经装了 Linux，那在现在这个公元 2026 年我的主和救主之年，还有必要留着 Windows 当双启动选项吗？
seems like everything I needed windows for, linux can do just as good, including running all the videogames I play regularly.
感觉以前非得用 Windows 的事，Linux 现在都能一样搞定，包括我常玩的所有游戏。
>>109419886
Not if you have migrated your data. Make sure your data isn't in an NTFS partition as that doesn't work very well with Linux.
除非你数据还没迁移，否则没必要。确保数据不在 NTFS 分区里，那个在 Linux 下兼容性很差。
>>109419886
no, but keep an usb drive with a live enviorment just in case
不，但留一个装着 live 环境的 U 盘以防万一吧。
>>109420270
>>109420134
>Make sure your data isn't in an NTFS partition
>确保你的数据不在 NTFS 分区里
way ahead of you, in truth I'd already deleted all windows partitions, formatted, and switched all my drives to ext4.
我早就想到了，其实我已经删掉了所有 Windows 分区，格式化过，把所有硬盘都换成了 ext4。
I was just wondering if there was maybe any point in backtracking to re-create a windows safety net, but it seems like it's absolutely pointless now that I'm already all in.
我只是在想，是不是有什么理由倒退回去重新建一个 Windows 安全网，但既然我已经完全投入了，现在看来这完全是没必要的。
>>109389413
whats a good linux distro for someone who has only ever used a smart phone? I would give them windows but the laptop im giving them only has 4 gigs of ram, its an old chromebook that I made run windows 10.
对一个只用过智能手机的人来说，什么 Linux 发行版比较好？我想给他们装 Windows，但我要给他们的笔记本只有 4G 内存，是个老 Chromebook，我之前让它跑过 Windows 10。
>>109421041
I would say anything with gnome but it probably doesn't run that well on that thing
我会说任何带 GNOME 的，但那玩意儿可能带不动。
>>109421082
imma try popOS which i was thinking bout doing anyways and thats gnome based.
我打算试试 popOS，反正我也一直在想装这个，它是基于 GNOME 的。
im copying rootfs to another disk and it got stack on /proc/kcore. is /proc safe to exclude?
我在把 rootfs 复制到另一块盘上，结果卡在 /proc/kcore 了。/proc 能排除掉吗？
my awesome config keeps crashing my system lmao
我的 awesome 配置又把我系统搞崩了，哈哈。
>>109421183
/proc isn't actual files, but a virtual kernel filesystem.
/proc 不是真正的文件，它是一个虚拟内核文件系统。
/dev, /sys, /run, and /tmp (usually) are such virtual filesystems as well. In Linux, everything is a "file", including processes.
/dev、/sys、/run 和 /tmp（通常）也都是这类虚拟文件系统。在 Linux 里，一切都是“文件”，包括进程。
>>109421161
ok so i can't do popOS because the laptop only has 14.7 gigs of free space, completely forgot about that one, any other suggestions? lol
好吧，我不能装 popOS 了，因为笔记本只剩 14.7G 空间了，完全忘了这茬，还有别的建议吗？哈哈哈。
>>109421183
I would dd it from a live system. Copying a mounted root is not a good idea
我会在 live 系统里 dd 一下。复制已挂载的 root 不是个好主意。
>>109421532
yeah, that didn't really work
是啊，那没怎么管用。
>>109421041
FydeOS? It's not really "Linux" but it's basically made for shitty laptops from what I hear.
FydeOS 咋样？它不算真正的“Linux”，但据我听说，基本就是为烂笔记本准备的。
The least shit Linux distros I can think of that won't immediately use up more than 10GB of storage are Q4OS with KDE Plasma, or MX Linux with Xfce. Or a minimal Debian with GNOME. I wouldn't go for Fedora or Arch since you'd want to minimize the number of updates. Also keep in mind that you'll be limited to your repo rather than using flatpaks or even appimages.
我能想到的最不烂、不会马上占掉超 10G 存储的发行版有 Q4OS 配 KDE Plasma，或者 MX Linux 配 Xfce。或者最小化 Debian 带 GNOME。我不会选 Fedora 或 Arch，因为你想尽量减少更新次数。还要记住，你只能依赖仓库，别用 flatpak 甚至 appimage。
>>109421675
person is only gonna be using it for internet browsing imma try endeavour with xfce and then i'll try some of your suggestions if that fails, but basically im going with endeavour cause its recommended for this chromebook.
那个人就只会拿来上网浏览，我打算先试试装 xfce 的 endeavour，要是不行我再试你提的那些建议，但基本上我选 endeavour 是因为它对这个 Chromebook 来说是推荐的。
>>109421727
Definitely don't use Endeavour. It's basically Arch. I'm not even sure it's supported on this hardware considering they recommend having at least 15-20GB storage.
千万别用 Endeavour。它基本就是 Arch。我甚至不确定这硬件支不支持它，因为他们建议至少要有 15-20G 存储。
>>109421792
its recommended for this specific chromebook though.
但它是专门为这个 Chromebook 推荐的啊。
https://docs.chrultrabook.com/docs/installing/installing-linux.html
>>109421840
>As of 2024
Yeah, that's irrelevant now. Even LTS distros would work on that hardware now.
是，但那个现在不相关了。现在连 LTS 发行版都能在这硬件上跑。
>>109421846
well endeavour is installing fine
嗯，endeavour 安装进行得很顺利。
>>109421840
Considering the site recommends fucking PopOS which is a shit-tier distribution that only exists as a way to test the completely unstable Cosmic desktop environment, I would not trust it at all.
既然那个网站推荐他妈的 PopOS——那个纯粹为了测试完全不稳定的 Cosmic 桌面环境而存在的烂级发行版——我完全不会信它。
bake someone
烤个人出来吧。
>>109421183
>>109421600
now grub doesn't work, fuck this shit i give up
现在 grub 也不行了，去他妈的我放弃了。
k yea endeavour won't even boot lol imma go with mx-linux then.
行吧，endeavour 干脆连启动都启动不了，哈哈，那我改装 mx-linux。
>>109422043
ok mx worked perfectly
好，mx 完美运行。
New thread
新帖。
>>109423052
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